《组织社会心理学》学习笔记 031

原文：The important points made by the attribution of actions to organizations are that organizational activities are social rather than solitary, and that these activities are specified sufficiently that a variety of people can contribute the necessary components that allow the pattern to persist. The pattern can withstand a turnover of personnel as well as some variation in the actual behaviors people contribute. It is the persistence of the pattern through contributions made by interchangeable people that distinguishes organizations from other collectivities such as mobs, families, or patient-therapist dyads where changes in "personnel" produce fundamental changes in the process and the outcome.

参考译文：将行动归因于组织所揭示的要点在于：组织活动是社会的而非孤立的，而且这些活动被充分规定，以至于各种各样的人都能够贡献必要的组成部分，从而使该模式得以持续。这一模式能够经受人员的更替，也能够经受人们实际贡献行为的某些变异。正是通过可替换人员的贡献而实现的模式持续性，将组织与其他集体性——如暴民、家庭或患者-治疗师二元组——区分开来；在那些集体性中，"人员"的变化会导致过程和结果的根本性变化。

原文：Organization forms outlast their originators (Weick and Gilfillan 1971) and are relatively impervious to personal redefinition (Berkowitz 1956). People move into and out of these forms; surprising constancy is maintained in the outcomes (Warwick 1975). The fact that forms transcend specific individuals means that it is reasonable to say that an organization acts, because it is the persisting form that coordinates actions of transient personnel and that produces the outcomes.

参考译文：组织形式比其创立者更为持久，且相对不受个人重新定义的影响。人们进入这些形式，又离开这些形式；但结果却保持着惊人的恒常性。形式超越特定个体这一事实，意味着说"一个组织行动"是合理的——因为正是持续存在的形式，协调着transient 人员的行动，并产生结果。

原文：When we say that an organization acts we mean to emphasize that double interacts, not solitary acts, are the raw materials that are assembled into processes. We also mean to emphasize that it is the assemblage, the pattern of interacts, that determines the outcomes —not the personal qualities of single individuals.

When we assert that an organization acts, it will also be true that that shorthand phrase can be decomposed into a set of interlocked behaviors between two or more persons and a set of assembly rules by which those behaviors were assembled and sequenced to produce an outcome.

参考译文：当我们说"一个组织行动"时，我们的意思是强调：双重互动，而非孤立行动，才是被组装成过程的原材料。我们也意在强调：正是组装本身，即互动的模式，决定了结果——而非单个个体的个人品质。

当我们断言一个组织在行动时，这个简写的短语也可以被分解为两个或多个人之间的一组互锁行为以及一组组装规则，而那些行为正是通过这些规则被组装、排序产生结果的。

原文：The phrase organizational behavior does have the valuable effect of reminding researchers that in the final analysis, organizational theorizing comes down to predictions of behavior. While this particular book may not result in many of those predictions, it remains true that eventually all such formulations have to deal in one way or another with behavioral-dependent variables. Organizational behavior is a symbol around which diverse researchers can rally, and since those researchers are good company, I see no reason to destroy their pretext for gathering together.

参考译文："组织行为"这一短语确实有一个宝贵的效果：它提醒研究者，归根结底，组织化理论建构归结于行为的预测。虽然本书可能不会产生太多这类预测，但最终，所有此类理论建构都必须以某种方式处理行为因变量——这一点仍然是真实的。"组织行为"是一个符号，形形色色的研究者可以围绕它集结，既然这些研究者是好伙伴，我看没有理由摧毁他们聚在一起的借口。