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《新概念英语》第二册第20课学习笔记

  • 2026-02-23 02:32:42
《新概念英语》第二册第20课学习笔记
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91年学渣妈 + 19年普男娃。重启人生计划:把自己活成学生,把儿子处成学伴。这里记录一个妈妈从零自学、冲刺雅思7分的全过程,也同步分享如何带着普娃稳扎稳打,拿下小学KET。我们是母子,更是并肩作战的队友。

文 | 喜悦

📚 第20课《One man in a boat》重点掌握知识点一览

语法核心动名词(Gerund)——动名词作主语、宾语及介词宾语的用法;动名词的完成式(having done)
关键短语without doing(没有做……), instead of doing(而不是……), give up doing(放弃做某事), be interested in doing(对做……感兴趣)
核心结构after having done(在做……之后), with + 名词(带着……,表伴随)
词汇辨析catch的多重含义, fish的单复数, waste的动词与名词用法, realize(意识到 vs. 实现)
使役动词worryinterest等使役动词的用法及分词形容词(interested vs. interesting


课文原文回顾

One man in a boat

Fishing is my favourite sport. 

I often fish for hours without catching anything. 

But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. 

Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. 

I am even less lucky. 

I never catch anything — not even old boots. 

After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. 'It's a waste of time.' 

But they don't realize one important thing. 

I'm not really interested in fishing. 

I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!

译文:独坐孤舟

钓鱼是我特别喜爱的一项运动。我经常一钓数小时却一无所获,但我从不为此烦恼。有些垂钓者就是不走运,他们往往鱼钓不到,却钓上来些旧靴子和垃圾。我的运气甚至还不及他们。我什么东西也未钓到过——就连旧靴子也没有。我总是在河上呆上整整一上午,然后空着袋子回家。“你可别再钓鱼了!”我的朋友们说,“这是浪费时间。”然而他们没有认识到重要的一点,我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣,我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟,无所事事!


✨ 知识点详细解析

一、语法核心:动名词(Gerund)
本课的核心语法点是动名词,这是一种兼具动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。

  1. 动名词的定义与构成

    • 具有动词特征:可带宾语、状语。如:catching fish(钓鱼), sitting in a boat(坐在船上)

    • 具有名词特征:可作主语、宾语、表语、定语

    • 构成:动词原形 + -ing(与现在分词形式相同)

    • 双重特征

  2. 动名词的主要用法(本课重点)

  1. 动名词作主语的用法

    • 课文首句:Fishing is my favourite sport.

    • 动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式

    • 对比:To fish is my favourite sport.(不定式也可作主语,但动名词更侧重一般性、习惯性的动作)

  2. 介词 + 动名词(本课最大考点)

    • without catching anything(没有钓到任何东西)

    • Instead of catching fish(而不是钓鱼)

    • interested in sitting(对坐感兴趣)

    • 课文多处出现此结构:

    • 核心规则:介词(in, without, instead of, after, etc.)后面必须跟名词或动名词,不能跟动词原形

  3. 动名词的完成式

    • 课文例句:After having spent whole mornings on the river...

    • 含义:在度过了整个上午之后……

    • 相当于 After spending...,但 having spent 更强调动作的完成,多用于书面语

    • 使用条件:只有当主句和从句的主语相同时,才能用这种简化形式

二、关键短语与结构

  1. without doing 没有做……

    • 课文例句:...without catching anything.

    • without 是介词,后接动名词,作结果状语,表示“在没有……的情况下”

    • 对比:He went out without saying goodbye.(他没告别就出去了。)

  2. instead of doing 而不是……;代替……

    • without:强调没有做某事

    • instead of:强调做了B而不是A(有“替代”含义)

    • 课文例句:Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish.

    • instead of 是介词短语,后接名词或动名词,表示“本应做某事却没做,而做了另一件事”

    • 对比

  3. give up doing 放弃做某事

    • 课文例句:You must give up fishing!

    • 同义词:stop doinggive up smoking(戒烟), give up drinking(戒酒)

  4. a waste of 浪费……

    • 课文例句:It's a waste of time.

    • 扩展:a waste of money(浪费钱), a waste of food(浪费食物)

  5. with + 名词 带着……,表伴随

    • 课文例句:...go home with an empty bag.

    • 用法:表示“带着某物”或“处于某种状态”

  6. nothing at all 什么也没有

    • 课文例句:...doing nothing at all!

    • at all 用于强调否定,常与 not 连用,但也可与 nothing 等否定词连用

三、使役动词与分词形容词
本课的 worry 和 interest 属于使役动词,这类动词的现在分词和过去分词常形容词化。

课文应用But this does not worry me.(但这并不让我担心。)—— worry 在此是使役动词,意思是“使……担心”

四、词汇深度辨析

  1. catch 的多重含义(本课核心词汇)

    • catch a cold(感冒)

    • catch a bus(赶上车)

    • catch one's breath(屏住呼吸)

    • catch sight of = see(看见)

    • catch fire(着火)

    • catch one's eye/attention(吸引某人注意)

    • 课文义:抓到、钓到。catch fish(钓鱼), catch a thief(抓小偷)

    • 常用短语:

  2. fish 的单复数

    • 单复数同形(指同一种鱼的“鱼肉”或“多条鱼”):I caught several fish.(我钓了几条鱼。)

    • 加 -es 表示不同种类the fishes of the Indian Ocean(印度洋的各种鱼类)

    • 动词fish(钓鱼)。go fishing(去钓鱼)。

  3. waste 的词性

    • 名词a waste of time/money(浪费时间/金钱)

    • 动词waste time/money(浪费时间/金钱)。Don't waste your time.

  4. realize 的两种含义

    • 意识到(课文义):They don't realize one important thing.

    • 实现realize one's dream(实现梦想)

  5. 否定前缀 un-

    • 课文:unlucky(不走运的)= un-(否定前缀)+ luck(运气)+ y(形容词后缀)

    • 其他例子:unknown(未知的), unlike(不同的), unlimited(无限的)

五、比较级 even less 的用法

  • 课文例句:I am even less lucky.(我的运气甚至还不如他们。)

  • even 用于强调比较级,意为“甚至更……”

  • less 是 little 的比较级,意为“较少的、较小的”。less lucky = not as lucky

📖 词汇延伸学习

实用短语积累

  • favourite sport 最喜爱的运动

  • for hours 数小时

  • without doing 没有做……

  • instead of doing 而不是……

  • even less 甚至更少/更不

  • not even 甚至连……也没有

  • after having done 在做……之后

  • with an empty bag 空着袋子

  • give up doing 放弃做某事

  • a waste of time 浪费时间

  • be interested in doing 对做……感兴趣

  • nothing at all 什么也没有


    💡 学习小贴士(给宝妈的学习建议)

    1. “动名词寻宝”游戏:在家里找出5件物品,用动名词作主语造句描述相关活动。例如指着鱼竿说:Fishing is fun. 指着书说:Reading is interesting. 让孩子理解动名词可以像名词一样作主语。

    2. “介词+doing”配对游戏:制作两组卡片,一组是介词(withoutinstead ofafterinterested in),一组是动名词短语(catching fishsitting in a boatdoing nothingspending time)。让孩子随机配对,造出合理句子。

    3. “without vs instead of”情景对比:设计两个情景,帮助孩子理解这对易混短语的区别:

      • 情景A(without):He went to school without having breakfast.(没吃早饭——强调“没做”)

      • 情景B(instead of):He stayed home instead of going to school.(没去上学而呆在家——强调“做了B没做A”)

    4. “使役动词”角色扮演:用 worry 和 interest 练习使役动词和分词形容词。

      • 指着有趣的书:This book is interesting.

      • 摸着自己心跳:I am interested in this book.

      • 指着恐怖电影:This movie is worrying.

      • 捂着胸口:I am worried about the ending.

    5. “catch短语”接龙比赛:和孩子比赛,看谁能说出更多含 catch 的短语。每说对一个,就用这个短语造一个句子。如:catch a cold(I caught a cold yesterday.), catch a bus(We need to catch the bus.), catch fire(Paper catches fire easily.)

    6. “无奈钓鱼”故事会:模仿课文的幽默口吻,让孩子讲一个“看似做某事,实则做另一事”的小故事。例如:“我每天去图书馆,看起来是在学习,其实我只是喜欢图书馆的空调。”练习 I'm not really interested in... I am only interested in... 这个对比句式。


      ✅ 本课总结检查清单

      学完这一课,你应该能够:

      • 理解动名词的定义和构成(动词 + -ing,兼具动词和名词特征)。

      • 掌握动名词作主语(Fishing is...)、作介词宾语(without catching)的用法。

      • 区分动名词完成式 having done 的含义和用法(动作发生在主句之前)。

      • 熟练使用 without doing(没有做)和 instead of doing(而不是)并理解其区别。

      • 掌握 give up doing(放弃做)、be interested in doing(对……感兴趣)等固定搭配。

      • 理解使役动词 worryinterest 的用法,并区分 -ing 形容词(令人……)和 -ed 形容词(感到……)。

      • 掌握 catch 的多个常用短语(catch a cold, catch fire, catch one's eye 等)。

      • 区分 fish 作名词时的单复数规则(同形表同种,加 -es 表不同种类)。

      • 理解课文幽默点:看似热衷钓鱼,实则是享受独坐船上的悠闲——世人笑我太痴傻,我笑世人看不穿


      🌟 最后鼓励一下自己

      35岁重新开始学英语需要很大的勇气,但你是为了孩子,也是为了自己——这份动力是最珍贵的。不要担心起步晚,也不要害怕犯错。每个单词的积累,每个句子的理解,都是你进步的脚印。

      《新概念英语》第二册是很好的学习材料,坚持下去,你会发现英语其实没有想象中那么难。你现在的努力,不仅是在提升自己,也是在给孩子树立终身学习的好榜样。

      加油!每天进步一点点,半年后回头看,你会惊讶于自己的成长。

      end

      笔记参考来源:

      1.胶囊助学Leo老师B站资源

      2.杨芮老师《新概念》

      3.DeepSeek深度解析

      作者介绍:

      我是一澄,一个野生生长的90后宝妈。

      在「妈妈」这个新角色里,摸索「自己」的更多可能。人生两大要事:用英语和写作谋生,也用它们来谋爱。

      正在实践一种很新的活法:不坐班,但也要能赚钱;

      坚信:把事情一件件做好,想要的自然会一一实现!愿我们都能找到一种自由的活法,练就一身赚钱的底气。

      如果你也有同样的想法,欢迎关注我,我们一起加油,活出自己想要的人生!


      点击关注我的账号,后台
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      1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000678s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=no_67808;charset=utf8mb4
      2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000850s ]
      3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000688s ]
      4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000272s ]
      5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000446s ]
      6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000207s ]
      7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000508s ]
      8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 469310 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000469s ]
      9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1771785200 WHERE `id` = 469310 [ RunTime:0.007471s ]
      10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 65 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001697s ]
      11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 469310 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000459s ]
      12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 469310 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000405s ]
      13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 469310 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.002680s ]
      14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 469310 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.000702s ]
      15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 469310 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.001068s ]
      0.122733s