Lesson 30 The death of a ghost 幽灵之死

课文原文

For years, villagers believed that Endley Farm was haunted.

多年来，村民们一直认为恩得利农场闹鬼。

The farm was owned by two brothers, Joe and Bob Cox.

农场是由乔・考克斯和鲍勃・考克斯兄弟俩拥有的。

They employed a few farmhands, but no one was willing to work there long.

他们雇了几个农场工人，但没人愿意在那里干很久。

Every time a worker gave up his job, he told the same story.

每次有工人辞职，都会讲同一个故事。

Farm labourers said that they always woke up to find that work had been done overnight.

农场工人说，他们总是一觉醒来，发现活儿已经在夜里干完了。

Hay had been cut and cowsheds had been cleaned.

干草已经割好了，牛棚也打扫干净了。

A farm worker, who stayed up all night, claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight.

有一个彻夜未眠的雇工声称，他看到一个人影在月光下收割庄稼。

In time, it became an accepted fact that the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that did most of their work for them.

久而久之，大家都公认，考克斯兄弟雇了一个勤快的幽灵，替他们干了大部分活。

No one suspected that there might be someone else on the farm who had never been seen.

没人怀疑农场里还住着一个从未被人见过的人。

This was indeed the case.

事实确实如此。

A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died.

不久前，村民们惊讶地得知，恩得利农场的幽灵死了。

Everyone went to the funeral, for the 'ghost' was none other than Eric Cox, a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man.

所有人都去参加了葬礼，因为那个 “幽灵” 不是别人，正是埃里克・考克斯 —— 大家原以为他年轻时就死了的第三个兄弟。

After the funeral, Joe and Bob revealed a secret which they had kept for over fifty years.

葬礼结束后，乔和鲍勃揭开了一个他们保守了五十多年的秘密。

Eric had been the eldest son of the family, very much older than his two brothers.

埃里克是家里的长子，比他的两个弟弟大很多。

He had been obliged to join the army during the Second World War.

第二次世界大战期间，他被迫参军。

As he hated army life, he decided to desert his regiment.

因为讨厌军队生活，他决定从部队开小差。

When he learnt that he would be sent abroad, he returned to the farm and his father hid him until the end of the war.

当得知自己要被派往国外时，他回到了农场，父亲把他藏了起来，一直到战争结束。

Fearing the authorities, Eric remained in hiding after the war as well.

由于害怕当局，埃里克战后也一直躲藏着。

His father told everybody that Eric had been killed in action.

他父亲对所有人说，埃里克已经在战斗中阵亡了。

The only other people who knew the secret were Joe and Bob.

知道这个秘密的其他两个人，只有乔和鲍勃。

They did not even tell their wives.

他们甚至连自己的妻子都没有告诉。

When their father died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding.

父亲去世后，他们认为自己有责任让埃里克继续藏下去。

All these years, Eric had lived as a recluse.

这些年来，埃里克一直过着隐居的生活。

He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley.

他总是白天睡觉，晚上干活，完全没有意识到自己已经成了恩得利农场的 “幽灵”。

When he died, however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret any longer.

然而，当他去世后，他的兄弟们觉得再也无法保守这个秘密了。

课文分析

1. For years, villagers believed that Endley Farm was haunted.

·句子类型：复合句（主句 + 宾语从句）

·核心结构：状语 + 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句

[For years], villagers believed (that Endley Farm was haunted).

·语法要点：

1.For years：介词短语作时间状语，表示动作持续的时间。

2.believed：主句谓语动词，后接that引导的宾语从句。

3.宾语从句that Endley Farm was haunted：

§被动语态was haunted，表示 “被（鬼魂）出没 / 作祟”。

§从句时态与主句believed保持一致，使用一般过去时。

·释义：多年来，村民们一直认为恩得利农场闹鬼。

2. The farm was owned by two brothers, Joe and Bob Cox.

·句子类型：简单句（被动语态）

·核心结构：主语 + 被动谓语 + 状语 + 同位语

The farm was owned by two brothers, [Joe and Bob Cox].

·语法要点：

1.被动语态was owned by：表示 “被…… 拥有”，强调动作的承受者the farm。

2.Joe and Bob Cox：作two brothers的同位语，补充说明这两兄弟的名字。

·释义：这座农场由乔・考克斯和鲍勃・考克斯兄弟俩拥有。

3. They employed a few farmhands, but no one was willing to work there long.

·句子类型：并列句（由but连接）

·核心结构：分句 1 + 转折连词 + 分句 2

They employed a few farmhands, but no one was willing to work there long.

·语法要点：

1.but：并列连词，表示转折关系。

2.be willing to do sth.：固定搭配，意为 “愿意做某事”。

3.work there long：副词long修饰动词work，表示“在那里工作很久”。

·释义：他们雇了几个农场工人，但没人愿意在那里干很久。

4. Every time a worker gave up his job, he told the same story.

·句子类型：复合句（时间状语从句 + 主句）

·核心结构：时间状语从句 + 主句

[Every time a worker gave up his job], he told the same story.

·语法要点：

1.Every time：引导时间状语从句，意为 “每次……”，相当于whenever。

2.gave up his job：固定短语give up，意为 “放弃”。

3.主从句时态一致，均为一般过去时。

·释义：每次有工人辞职，都会讲同一个故事。

5. Farm labourers said that they always woke up to find that work had been done overnight.

·句子类型：复合句（主句 + 宾语从句 1 + 宾语从句 2）

·核心结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句 1（宾语从句 2）

Farm labourers said (that they always woke up to find (that work had been done overnight)).

·语法要点：

1.主句Farm labourers said后接that引导的宾语从句 1。

2.宾语从句 1 中，不定式to find...作结果状语，表示 “醒来后发现……”。

3.find后接that引导的宾语从句 2，且使用过去完成时的被动语态had been done，表示 “工作在醒来之前就已经被做完了”，动作发生在woke up之前。

·释义：农场工人说，他们总是一觉醒来，发现活儿已经在夜里干完了。

6. Hay had been cut and cowsheds had been cleaned.

·句子类型：并列句（由and连接，两个分句均为过去完成时被动语态）

·核心结构：分句 1 + 并列连词 + 分句 2

Hay had been cut and cowsheds had been cleaned.

·语法要点：

1.两个分句均为过去完成时被动语态had been + 过去分词，表示在过去的某个动作（如工人醒来）之前已经完成的被动动作。

2.and连接两个并列的被动动作。

·释义：干草已经割好了，牛棚也打扫干净了。

7. A farm worker, who stayed up all night, claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight.

·句子类型：复合句（主句 + 非限制性定语从句）

·核心结构：主语（+ 定语从句） + 谓语 + 宾语

A farm worker, [who stayed up all night], claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight.

·语法要点：

1.who stayed up all night：非限制性定语从句，修饰a farm worker，补充说明该工人的情况。stay up意为 “熬夜”。

2.claimed to have seen：claim to have done结构，表示 “声称做过某事”，不定式的完成式强调动作已经发生。

3.see sb. doing sth.：固定搭配，意为 “看见某人正在做某事”，此处cutting corn作宾语补足语。

·释义：有一个彻夜未眠的雇工声称，他看到一个人影在月光下收割庄稼。

8. In time, it became an accepted fact that the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that did most of their work for them.

·句子类型：复合句（形式主语it + 主语从句 + 定语从句）

·核心结构：状语 + 形式主语 + 系动词 + 表语 + 主语从句（+ 定语从句）

[In time], it became an accepted fact (that the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost [that did most of their work for them]).

·语法要点：

1.In time：固定短语，意为 “久而久之，终于”。

2.it became an accepted fact that...：it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，意为 “…… 成为公认的事实”。

3.that did most of their work for them：定语从句，修饰a conscientious ghost，conscientious意为 “认真的，尽责的”。

·释义：久而久之，大家都公认，考克斯兄弟雇了一个勤快的幽灵，替他们干了大部分活。

9. No one suspected that there might be someone else on the farm who had never been seen.

·句子类型：复合句（主句 + 宾语从句 + 定语从句）

·核心结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句（+ 定语从句）

No one suspected (that there might be someone else on the farm [who had never been seen]).

·语法要点：

1.suspected that...：suspect后接that引导的宾语从句，意为 “怀疑……”。

2.宾语从句中使用there might be表示推测，意为 “可能有……”。

3.who had never been seen：定语从句，修饰someone else，使用过去完成时被动语态，表示 “从未被人见过的”。

·释义：没人怀疑农场里还住着一个从未被人见过的人。

10. This was indeed the case.

·句子类型：简单句

·核心结构：主语 + 系动词 + 表语

This was indeed the case.

·语法要点：

1.indeed：副词，用于加强语气，意为 “确实，的确”。

2.the case：固定用法，意为 “事实，情况”。

·释义：事实确实如此。

11. A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died.

·句子类型：复合句（主句 + 宾语从句）

·核心结构：状语 + 主语 + 谓语 + 状语 + 宾语从句

[A short time ago], villagers were astonished to learn (that the ghost of Endley had died).

·语法要点：

1.A short time ago：时间状语，意为 “不久前”。

2.be astonished to do sth.：固定搭配，意为 “惊讶地做某事”。

3.that the ghost of Endley had died：宾语从句，使用过去完成时，表示 “死亡” 这一动作发生在were astonished之前。

·释义：不久前，村民们惊讶地得知，恩得利农场的幽灵死了。

12. Everyone went to the funeral, for the 'ghost' was none other than Eric Cox, a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man.

·句子类型：并列句 + 复合句（由for连接，分句 2 含定语从句）

·核心结构：分句 1 + 连词 + 分句 2（+ 同位语 + 定语从句）

Everyone went to the funeral, for the 'ghost' was none other than Eric Cox, [a third brother (who was supposed to have died as a young man)].

·语法要点：

1.for：并列连词，用于补充说明原因，语气比because弱。

2.none other than：固定短语，意为 “不是别人，正是……”，用于强调。

3.a third brother：作Eric Cox的同位语，补充说明身份。

4.who was supposed to have died...：定语从句，修饰a third brother。be supposed to have done表示 “本应做某事（但实际未发生）”，此处意为 “大家原以为他年轻时就死了”。

·释义：所有人都去参加了葬礼，因为那个 “幽灵” 不是别人，正是埃里克・考克斯 —— 大家原以为他年轻时就死了的第三个兄弟。

13. After the funeral, Joe and Bob revealed a secret which they had kept for over fifty years.

·句子类型：复合句（主句 + 定语从句）

·核心结构：状语 + 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语（+ 定语从句）

[After the funeral], Joe and Bob revealed a secret (which they had kept for over fifty years).

·语法要点：

1.After the funeral：介词短语作时间状语。

2.revealed a secret：reveal意为 “揭露，透露”。

3.which they had kept...：定语从句，修饰a secret，使用过去完成时had kept，表示 “保守秘密” 的动作发生在revealed之前，持续了五十多年。

·释义：葬礼结束后，乔和鲍勃揭开了一个他们保守了五十多年的秘密。

14. Eric had been the eldest son of the family, very much older than his two brothers.

·句子类型：简单句（含形容词比较级短语作状语）

·核心结构：主语 + 系动词 + 表语 + 伴随状语

Eric had been the eldest son of the family, [very much older than his two brothers].

·语法要点：

1.had been：过去完成时，表示 “是长子” 这个状态在过去的过去就已经存在。

2.very much older than...：形容词比较级短语作伴随状语，补充说明埃里克和他弟弟们的年龄差距。very much用于加强比较级的语气。

·释义：埃里克是家里的长子，比他的两个弟弟大很多。

15. He had been obliged to join the army during the Second World War.

·句子类型：简单句

·核心结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语

He had been obliged to join the army during the Second World War.

·语法要点：

1.had been obliged to do sth.：过去完成时的被动语态，be obliged to do意为 “被迫做某事”。

2.during the Second World War：介词短语作时间状语。

·释义：第二次世界大战期间，他被迫参军。

16. As he hated army life, he decided to desert his regiment.

·句子类型：复合句（原因状语从句 + 主句）

·核心结构：原因状语从句 + 主句

[As he hated army life], he decided to desert his regiment.

·语法要点：

1.As：引导原因状语从句，意为 “因为，由于”。

2.decided to do sth.：固定搭配，意为 “决定做某事”。

3.desert his regiment：desert此处为动词，意为 “擅离（部队），开小差”。

·释义：因为讨厌军队生活，他决定从部队开小差。

17. When he learnt that he would be sent abroad, he returned to the farm and his father hid him until the end of the war.

·句子类型：复合句（时间状语从句 + 并列主句）

·核心结构：时间状语从句（+ 宾语从句） + 并列主句

[When he learnt (that he would be sent abroad)], he returned to the farm and his father hid him until the end of the war.

·语法要点：

1.When he learnt that...：时间状语从句，其中that引导宾语从句，使用过去将来时的被动语态would be sent，表示 “将被派往国外”。

2.he returned... and his father hid him...：由and连接的两个并列主句。

3.until the end of the war：介词短语作时间状语，意为 “直到战争结束”。

·释义：当得知自己要被派往国外时，他回到了农场，父亲把他藏了起来，一直到战争结束。

18. Fearing the authorities, Eric remained in hiding after the war as well.

·句子类型：简单句（含现在分词短语作原因状语）

·核心结构：状语 + 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语

[Fearing the authorities], Eric remained in hiding after the war as well.

·语法要点：

1.Fearing the authorities：现在分词短语作原因状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语Eric，表示主动关系，意为 “因为害怕当局”。

2.remained in hiding：固定搭配，意为 “继续躲藏”。

3.as well：固定短语，意为 “也，同样”。

·释义：由于害怕当局，埃里克战后也一直躲藏着。

19. His father told everybody that Eric had been killed in action.

·句子类型：复合句（主句 + 宾语从句）

·核心结构：主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（宾语从句）

His father told everybody (that Eric had been killed in action).

·语法要点：

1.told everybody that...：tell sb. that...结构，意为 “告诉某人某事”。

2.that Eric had been killed in action：宾语从句，使用过去完成时的被动语态had been killed，表示 “阵亡” 的动作发生在told之前。in action意为 “在战斗中”。

·释义：他父亲对所有人说，埃里克已经在战斗中阵亡了。

20. The only other people who knew the secret were Joe and Bob.

·句子类型：复合句（主句 + 定语从句）

·核心结构：主语（+ 定语从句） + 系动词 + 表语

The only other people [who knew the secret] were Joe and Bob.

·语法要点：

1.who knew the secret：定语从句，修饰the only other people。

2.句子为主系表结构，主语people为复数，系动词用were，表语为Joe and Bob。

·释义：知道这个秘密的其他两个人，只有乔和鲍勃。

21. They did not even tell their wives.

·句子类型：简单句

·核心结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语

They did not even tell their wives.

·语法要点：

1.一般过去时的否定句，用did not + 动词原形 tell。

2.even：副词，用于加强语气，意为 “甚至”。

·释义：他们甚至连自己的妻子都没有告诉。

22. When their father died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding.

·句子类型：复合句（时间状语从句 + 主句）

·核心结构：时间状语从句 + 主句（形式宾语结构）

[When their father died], they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding.

·语法要点：

1.When their father died：时间状语从句。

2.they thought it their duty to do sth.：think + it + 名词 + to do结构，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to keep Eric in hiding，意为 “认为做某事是他们的责任”。

3.keep sb. in hiding：固定搭配，意为 “让某人继续躲藏”。

·释义：父亲去世后，他们认为自己有责任让埃里克继续藏下去。

23. All these years, Eric had lived as a recluse.

·句子类型：简单句

·核心结构：状语 + 主语 + 谓语 + 状语

[All these years], Eric had lived as a recluse.

·语法要点：

1.All these years：时间状语，意为 “这些年来”。

2.had lived：过去完成时，表示 “隐居” 这个状态从过去持续到过去的某个时间点。

3.as a recluse：介词短语作方式状语，意为 “作为一个隐士”，recluse意为 “隐士，隐居者”。

·释义：这些年来，埃里克一直过着隐居的生活。

24. He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley.

·句子类型：复合句（主句 + 同位语从句）

·核心结构：主句 + 形容词短语作状语（+ 同位语从句）

He used to sleep during the day and work at night, [quite unaware of the fact (that he had become the ghost of Endley)].

·语法要点：

1.used to do sth.：固定搭配，意为 “过去常常做某事（现在已不再如此）”。

2.sleep during the day and work at night：并列结构，表示 “白天睡觉，晚上干活”。

3.quite unaware of the fact that...：形容词短语作伴随状语，其中that引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的具体内容，意为 “完全没有意识到…… 的事实”。

·释义：他总是白天睡觉，晚上干活，完全没有意识到自己已经成了恩得利农场的 “幽灵”。

25. When he died, however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret any longer.

·句子类型：复合句（时间状语从句 + 主句）

·核心结构：时间状语从句 + 主句（形式宾语结构）

[When he died], however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret any longer.

·语法要点：

1.When he died：时间状语从句。

2.however：副词，表示转折，可置于句中，前后用逗号隔开。

3.found it impossible to do sth.：find + it + 形容词 + to do结构，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to keep the secret，意为 “发现做某事是不可能的”。

4.not... any longer：固定搭配，意为 “不再……”。

·释义：然而，当他去世后，他的兄弟们觉得再也无法保守这个秘密了。

词汇分析

一、核心词汇

1. haunt /hɔːnt/ v. & n.

·词性：vt. (鬼魂) 出没；萦绕；n. 常去的地方

·课文义：(房屋) 闹鬼，有鬼魂出没

·用法：常用被动be haunted（课文原句）

·派生词：haunted adj.闹鬼的；haunting adj. 挥之不去的

·例句：The old house is said to be haunted. 据说这栋老房子闹鬼。

2. employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ vt.

·词义：雇佣；使用

·课文义：雇佣（工人）

·派生词：employee n. 雇员；employer n. 雇主；employment n. 就业，工作

·辨析：employ（正式，长期雇佣）；hire（口语，临时雇佣）

·例句：The farm employs five workers. 这家农场雇了五名工人。

3. farmhand /ˈfɑːmhænd/ n.

·词义：农场工人，农工（= farm labourer）

·补充：labourer /ˈleɪbərə(r)/n. 体力劳动者，劳工（英式拼写；美式 laborer）

4. willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj.

·词义：愿意的，乐意的

·派生词：unwilling adj. 不情愿的；willingness n. 乐意

·核心语义：主观上主动愿意

5. give up

·短语动词，单列词汇重点：quit /kwɪt/ v.放弃，离职（同义替换）

·quit one's job = give up one's job 辞职

6. overnight /ˌəʊvəˈnaɪt/ adv. & adj.

·词性：adv. 在夜里；一夜之间；adj. 通宵的

·课文义：在夜间

·例句：The snow melted overnight. 雪一夜之间就化了。

7. claim /kleɪm/ v. & n.

·词性：vt. 声称；宣称；索要；n. 主张，要求

·课文义：声称，宣称（无证据的说法）

·用法：claim to do /claim to have done /claim that 从句

·例句：He claims to know the truth. 他声称知道真相。

8. figure /ˈfɪɡə(r)/ n. & v.

·词性：n. 人影；人物；数字；身材；v. 认为

·课文义：人影

·高频义：人物、数字（考试常考）

9. conscientious /ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəs/ adj.

·词义：认真负责的，勤恳的，尽责的

·近义词：diligent, hard-working

·派生词：conscientiously adv. 认真地

10. suspect /səˈspekt/ v. /ˈsʌspekt/ n.

·词性：v. 怀疑；猜想；n. 嫌疑人

·课文义：怀疑（存在某人 / 某事）

·辨析：

osuspect that… 怀疑某事是真的

odoubt that… 怀疑某事不是真的

11. astonish /əˈstɒnɪʃ/ vt.

·词义：使惊讶，使吃惊

·派生词：astonished adj. (人) 感到惊讶的；astonishing adj. (事物) 令人惊讶的；astonishment n. 惊讶

12. reveal /rɪˈviːl/ vt.

·词义：揭露；透露；展示

·课文义：揭露（秘密）

·反义词：hide 隐藏

13. oblige /əˈblaɪdʒ/ vt.

·词义：迫使；责成；施恩惠于

·课文用法：be obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事

·派生词：obligation n. 义务，责任

14. desert

·两种读音 & 含义（易混词）

1./dɪˈzɜːt/v. 抛弃；擅离（部队），开小差（课文义）

2./ˈdezət/n. 沙漠

·派生词：deserter n. 逃兵；背弃者

15. regiment /ˈredʒɪmənt/ n.

·词义：（军队）团，部队

16. authority /ɔːˈθɒrəti/ n.

·词义：当局，官方；权威

·复数：authorities 当局，官方（课文常用复数）

17. action /ˈækʃn/ n.

·词义：行动；战斗

·固定搭配：in action 在战斗中；在行动中

18. recluse /rɪˈkluːs/ n.

·词义：隐士，隐居者

·派生词：reclusive adj. 隐居的，孤僻的

19. unaware /ˌʌnəˈweə(r)/ adj.

·词义：未意识到的，不知道的

·反义词：aware 意识到的

二、高级固定搭配

全部为课文原句出现搭配，区分基础搭配和高分高级搭配，标注使用场景。

1.be haunted

o释义：（建筑）闹鬼；被…… 萦绕

o语境：描述灵异、心理困扰均可

o例句：The old castle is haunted. 这座古堡闹鬼。

2.be owned by

o释义：归…… 所有（正式被动表达，写作优选，替代简单的 belong to）

o例句：This building is owned by a local company. 这栋建筑归一家本地公司所有。

3.be willing to do sth.

o释义：愿意做某事（通用万能搭配）

o拓展语气：be unwilling to do 不愿意做

4.give up one's job

o释义：辞职（口语 + 书面通用）

o同义替换：quit one's job（更口语）

5.wake up to do sth.

o释义：醒来发现 / 随即做某事（写作高分结构，表结果）

o例句：I woke up to find the rain had stopped. 我醒来发现雨已经停了。

6.stay up all night

o释义：彻夜不眠，熬夜（日常高频）

o简写：stay up 熬夜

7.claim to have done sth.

o释义：声称曾经做过某事（语法难点 + 高级搭配）

o语法：不定式完成式，强调动作发生在 “声称” 之前

o例句：He claims to have met the famous writer. 他声称见过那位知名作家。

8.in time

o释义：久而久之；终于；迟早（多义短语，课文取 “久而久之”）

o辨析：on time 准时；in time 及时 / 久而久之

9.an accepted fact

o释义：公认的事实（议论文写作万能搭配）

o写作拓展：It is an accepted fact that… …… 是公认的事实

10.be supposed to have done sth.

o释义：本以为 / 本该做某事（实际并非如此，高级虚拟类搭配）

o课文语境：be supposed to have died 大家原以为早已离世

11.reveal a secret

o释义：揭露秘密；吐露秘密（书面正式）

o反义搭配：keep a secret 保守秘密（课文核心主线搭配）

12.be obliged to do sth.

o释义：被迫 / 不得不做某事（正式，替代 have to）

o语气：强调外力逼迫，比 must /have to 更书面

13.desert one's regiment

o释义：逃离部队，开小差（军事场景专用）

14.remain in hiding

o释义：一直躲藏，隐姓埋名（书面描写类搭配）

15.in action

o释义：在战斗中；在行动中

o固定短语：be killed in action 阵亡（课文原搭配）

16.think it one's duty to do sth.

o释义：认为做某事是自己的责任（写作高分句型 + 搭配，形式宾语结构）

o结构：think + it +名词 + to do

17.used to do sth.

o释义：过去常常做某事（现在已经不做，时态核心搭配）

o辨析：be used to doing 习惯于做某事

18.be unaware of sth.

o释义：没有意识到某事

o反义：be aware of 意识到

19.find it + adj. + to do sth.

o释义：发现做某事是…… 的（必考句型，形式宾语）

o课文原句：find it impossible to keep the secret 发现无法再保守秘密

20.not... any longer

o释义：不再……（表状态终止）

o同义：no longer

三、拓展高频搭配

（一）与 haunt 相关拓展

1.haunt one's mind 萦绕在心头，挥之不去

2.haunted look 愁容，心神不宁的样子

（二）与 employ 相关拓展

1.employ sb. to do sth. 雇佣某人做某事

2.employ sth. for sth. 使用某物做某事

3.out of employment 失业

（三）与 willing 相关拓展

1.be ready and willing 心甘情愿

2.a willing helper 热心帮忙的人

（四）与 give up 相关拓展（超高频短语动词）

1.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

2.give up hope 放弃希望

3.give in 屈服，让步（易混区分）

4.give away 泄露；赠送

（五）与 wake 相关拓展

1.wake up 醒来；叫醒

2.wake sb. up 叫醒某人

3.wake up to reality 认清现实

（六）与 stay 相关拓展

1.stay up late 熬夜

2.stay away from 远离

3.stay in touch 保持联系

（七）与 claim 相关拓展

1.claim compensation 索要赔偿

2.make a claim 提出主张 / 索赔

3.claim responsibility for 声称对…… 负责

（八）与 suspect 相关拓展

1.suspect sb. of doing sth. 怀疑某人做了某事（固定介词搭配）

2.a suspect in the case 案件嫌疑人

（九）与 astonish 相关拓展

1.be astonished at/by sth. 对某事感到惊讶

2.to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是（插入语，写作加分）

（十）与 secret 相关拓展（课文核心主题词）

1.keep a secret from sb. 对某人保密

2.keep secrets 守口如瓶

3.in secret 秘密地，私下地

4.a well-kept secret 严守的秘密

（十一）与 oblige 相关拓展

1.be obliged for sth. 因某事感激

2.feel obliged to do sth. 觉得有义务做某事

（十二）与 desert 相关拓展

1.desert a friend 背弃朋友

2.desert one's post 擅离职守

（十三）与 hide 相关拓展

1.hide sth. from sb. 对某人隐瞒某物

2.hide away 躲藏起来

（十四）与 aware /unaware 相关拓展

1.be fully aware of 充分意识到

2.become aware of 渐渐意识到

句型

句式1

课文原句

For years, villagers believed that Endley Farm was haunted.

核心句型

For years, sb. believed that + 完整从句（多年来，人们一直认为……）

替换规则

1.villagers → 人群类名词（people, students, locals, experts 等）

2.believed → thought /held the view（观点类替换，写作升级）

3.从句部分自由改写观点内容

仿写例句

For years, people believed that reading can greatly enrich our minds.

例句翻译

多年来，人们一直认为阅读能极大地丰富我们的思想。

句式2

课文原句

It became an accepted fact that the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost.

核心句型

It became an accepted fact that + 完整从句（…… 已然成为公认的事实）

替换规则

1.became → has become（现在完成时，更常用）

2.从句替换不同话题（社会、学习、生活、环境等）

3.本句为议论文万能句式

仿写例句

It became an accepted fact that exercise plays an important role in health.

例句翻译

锻炼对健康至关重要，这已是公认的事实。

句式3

课文原句

No one suspected that there might be someone else on the farm.

核心句型

No one suspected that + 完整从句（没有人想到 / 怀疑……）

替换规则

1.suspected → realized /noticed（根据语义切换）

2.从句改写客观事实、隐藏情况、意外发现

仿写例句

No one suspected that small habits could change a person's life.

例句翻译

没人想到小小的习惯能够改变人的一生。

句式4

课文原句

They thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding.

核心句型

Sb. think/think it one's duty to do sth.（某人认为做某事是自己的责任）

替换规则

1.they → 各类主语（we, everyone, citizens, young people等）

2.duty → responsibility（同义高级替换）

3.不定式to do替换不同行为动作

仿写例句

We think it our duty to protect the environment around us.

例句翻译

我们认为保护身边的环境是我们的责任。

句式5

课文原句

He found it impossible to keep the secret any longer.

核心句型

Sb. find it + 形容词 + to do sth.（某人发现做某事是…… 的）

替换规则

1.found → find /feel（时态按需变化）

2.impossible → difficult, easy, necessary, important 等形容词

3.不定式替换各类动作

仿写例句

Many students find it difficult to learn a foreign language well.

例句翻译

许多学生发现学好一门外语并不容易。