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这一篇彻底学会大模型微调技术!(附学习资料)

  • 2026-02-09 13:15:20
这一篇彻底学会大模型微调技术!(附学习资料)
大家可能会经常看见微调大模型，大模型微调技术等相关的关键词，大模型预训练是提升模型通用能力，而大模型微调则是调整模型参数，提升其在特定任务上的性能
大模型微调技术非常重要，对于找大模型相关实习或者工作，又或者科研项目，肯定要掌握大模型微调技术的
大模型微调主要包括监督微调SFT和基于人类反馈的强化学习RLHF两种技术
这一期主要是给大家具体来介绍一下大模型微调技术
主要内容的目录如下：
下面具体来介绍一下相应的内容：
第一部分：SFT
首先介绍SFT的基础概念，大模型微调包括全参微调和高效参数微调，全参微调成本高，一般情况下不使用，高效参数微调PEFT应用广泛，其中Lora微调技术就是高效参数微调的一种
其次介绍PEFT的各种模式，包括LORA微调及其变体，Adapter，prompting tuning, P-Tuning V1和V2，BitFit等方式，重点掌握Lora微调技术就行
最后是关于监督微调的一些常见面试问题和相应的答案汇总
第二部分：RLHF
首先介绍RLHF的流程步骤，包括监督微调，奖励模型和策略优化，监督微调就是构建模型基础能力，使模型具备基本的指令跟随能力，奖励模型就是将人类偏好转化为标量分数，策略优化是强化学习训练的核心
然后介绍RLHF实施的三个具体步骤，特别是奖励模型训练流程和Bradley-Terry模型的介绍，还有策略优化算法PPO，后续还可以学习DPO，GRPO等其他强化学习梯度优化算法
最后介绍RLHF在面试中常见问题，包括RLHF和SFT对比有什么优势，奖励模型如何训练，BT模型等内容
关于SFT和RLHF的内容就是上面这些，内容不多，但是对于新手小白来说还是有一定难度的，建议多看几遍，对这些模型有个了解就行，后续应用的时候并不需要对每个细节彻底掌握，只需要知道这个东西是干什么的，有什么作用，怎么样用起来就行
上述资料获取：
1. 关注本公众号
2. 发送口令“大模型微调”领取（人工回复可能有时差，都会发给大家的，不用着急
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  139. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/no.67808.cn/runtime/temp/6df755f970a38e704c5414acbc6e8bcd.php ( 12.06 KB )
  140. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/no.67808.cn/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Html.php ( 4.42 KB )
  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000321s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=no_67808;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000593s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000262s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000272s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000527s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000190s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000654s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 467057 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.008525s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1770724767 WHERE `id` = 467057 [ RunTime:0.003387s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 64 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000291s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 467057 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000586s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 467057 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000408s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 467057 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.011693s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 467057 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.010143s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 467057 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.009603s ]
0.117870s