当前位置：首页>考研真题>考研英语真题长难句攻坚计划|Day13

考研英语真题长难句攻坚计划|Day13

2026-02-04 17:34:55

考研英语真题长难句攻坚计划|Day13

考研

加油

考研

英语

长难句分析打卡

必胜

【长难句每日打卡】day 13

2015-2-ReadingPartA-T2-1-4 讲义80页

文章主题：《改变“第一代大学生学业成就落后”状况》

This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.

词汇：

1.paradox n. 悖论，自相矛盾（的情况）

2.forthcoming adj. 即将到来的

HELLO, GRADUATE STUDENT

句子分析

【Step 1】找谓语

·动词 has created 现在完成时态

·动词 means 一般现在时态

·动词 has continued 现在完成时态

【Step 2】断句

This has created “a paradox” [in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means <that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science>].

解析：

本句共包含一个由in that 引导的原因状语从句，其中还包含一个that引导的宾语从句。

in that引导的原因状语从句：

[in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means <...>].

that引导的宾语从句：

...means<that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science>.

判断方法：1.位置：在动词|介词后<在动词means后>。

重点成分标注：

主语：在句首|谓语前

宾语：在动词|介词后

表语：在系动词后

主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝

主句：

This has created “a paradox”.

in that引导的原因状语从句：

[in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means <...>].

that引导的宾语从句：

...means<that higher educationhas “continuedto reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science>.

其中，

1.based on social class是非谓语短语作后置定语修饰an achievement gap，译为“基于社会阶层的成就差距”。【判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后】

2.according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science 是介宾结构作状语。【判断方法：状语常见位置：1.在句首：状语，完整句；2.在句尾：完整句，状语；3.在主谓之间：主语，状语，谓语...】

3.the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science 是一个名词短语作介词to的宾语。

4.forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science是形容词短语作后置定语修饰名词a paper【判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后】

补充：形容词短语常见成分<形容词短语构成：形容词+介词>

1.作谓语：判断方法：be+形容词短语，即前有be动词——如I am proud of you.

2.作定语：判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后——如：a language different from Chinese

【Step 3】翻译

·翻译思路：

1.in that引导的原因状语从句保留在原位置，即直接顺译

注意⚠️：根据【中英文在状语方面的差别：英文：往往先说正事，再说废话；中文：往往先说废话，再说正事】，原因状从作为一种“废话”，本应前置翻译——但要注意，中文状语也有位于句尾的时候，如表结果或目的的状语通常位于句尾，且该句原因状从过长，直接顺译是最好的办法，以此避免过度调整语序。

2.that引导的宾从亦顺译。

主句：

英文：This has created “a paradox”.

中文：这已经创造了一个悖论。

in that引导的原因状语从句：

英文：[in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means <...>].

中文：因为，招聘第一代学生，但之后却看着他们中很多人失败，意味着...

that引导的宾语从句：

英文：...means <that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science>.

这句话有点长，可以先翻译主干，再添加修饰！

1.先译主干：higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap...高等教育已经"继续复制、加宽，而不是关闭"成就差距...

2.再译枝干：higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class...

高等教育已经继续复制、加宽，而不是关闭基于社会阶层的成就差距...

3.再译枝干：according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science

1)according to the depressing beginning of a paper根据一篇文章的令人沮丧的开始

2)according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science根据一篇即将发表在期刊《心理科学》上的文章的令人沮丧的开始

整合译文：意味着高等教育已经继续复制、加宽，而不是关闭基于社会阶层的成就差距，根据一篇即将发表在期刊《心理科学》上的文章的令人沮丧的开始。

3.整合译文：

这已经创造了一个悖论。因为，招聘第一代学生，但之后却看着他们中很多人失败，意味着高等教育已经继续复制、加宽，而不是关闭基于社会阶层的成就差距，根据一篇即将发表在期刊《心理科学》上的文章的令人沮丧的开始。

4.润色译文：

终译：这就产生了“一种自相矛盾的情形”：高校把第一代大学生招进来，然后却任由他们中许多人走向失败，这意味着高等教育在“继续再生并扩大，而非弥合”基于社会阶层的成就差距，一篇即将发表在《心理科学》上的文章令人沮丧的开头部分如此写道。