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SOLAS学习笔记:SOLAS II-1 第 16-1 条 水密甲板、围壁通道等的构造和初次试验

  • 2026-02-07 12:56:12
SOLAS学习笔记:SOLAS II-1 第 16-1 条 水密甲板、围壁通道等的构造和初次试验
船舶的水密性是保障航行安全的关键，SOLAS 公约作为国际海事领域的重要规范，对船舶水密相关结构有着严格且明确的要求。其中 SOLAS II-1 第 16-1 条，专门针对水密甲板、围壁通道等结构的构造和初次试验作出规定。

一、核心结构的强度与水密要求

水密甲板、围壁通道、隧道、箱形龙骨及通风管道，在强度上需与对应高度的水密舱壁保持同等标准，其自身的水密性能，以及用于关闭各类开口的装置，均需达到主管机关的验收要求。
同时，针对通风管道和围壁通道的延伸高度，客船与货船有着不同的硬性规定：
客船：水密通风管道及围壁通道至少向上延伸至舱壁甲板
货船：水密通风管道及围壁通道至少向上延伸至干舷甲板

二、贯穿舱壁甲板通风管道的压力承受要求

若通风管道穿过结构的舱壁甲板，需依据第 7-2 条（因数 si 的计算）相关标准，在考虑进水中间阶段允许的最大横倾角后，确保该通风管道能够承受其内部可能产生的水压力，避免因水压作用出现渗漏、破损等问题。

三、滚装主甲板区域贯穿管道的特殊压力要求

当舱壁甲板的贯穿部分或全部处于滚装主甲板上时，该区域的通风管道需具备更强的抗压能力，能够承受滚装甲板上积聚的水，因船舶内部晃动所产生的冲击压力，适配滚装船的特殊航行与结构工况。

四、完工后的试验验收标准

所有相关水密结构完工后，必须通过指定的水密试验检测，不同结构的试验方式有明确区分：
水密甲板：需进行冲水或灌水试验
水密围壁通道、隧道和通风管道：需进行冲水试验
只有通过上述试验，确认水密性能达标，相关结构才算完成验收，船舶方可投入后续的运营与航行。
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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.001035s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=no_67808;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.001515s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000712s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.003354s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001396s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001372s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.001501s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 466422 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.006526s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1770576058 WHERE `id` = 466422 [ RunTime:0.013690s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 65 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000699s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 466422 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001211s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 466422 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001578s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 466422 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001761s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 466422 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.011892s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 466422 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.012504s ]
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