Words and Expressions 词汇与表达

lifeboat /'laɪfbəʊt/：noun 救生艇liferaft /'laɪfrɑːft/：noun 救生筏embarkation ladder：登船梯muster or assembly station：应急集合站evacuation side：撤离侧lifebuoy with light and smoke：带灯和烟雾信号救生圈child's lifejacket：儿童救生衣primary means of escape：主脱险路线secondary means of escape：副脱险路线muster list：应变部署escape route：逃生路线roll call：点名securing：绑扎、固定索具launch /lɔːntʃ, lɑːntʃ/：verb 下水entrance /ɪnˈtrɑːns/：noun 入口evacuate /ɪˈvækjueɪt/：verb 疏散，撤离rocket /ˈrɒkɪt/：noun 火箭instruction /ɪnˈstrʌkʃən/：noun 指令unconscious /ʌnˈkɒnʃəs/：adj. 不省人事的breath /breθ/：noun 呼吸blanket /ˈblæŋkɪt/：noun 毯子ambulance /ˈæmbjələns/：noun 救护车first - aid kit：急救箱rescue rope：救援绳索flares：信号弹whistle：哨子lifebuoy light：救生圈灯lifejacket whistle：救生衣哨子immersion suit：浸水保温服survival suit：救生服life - saving appliance：救生设备buoyant apparatus：浮具davit：吊艇柱lifeboat davit：救生艇吊柱embarkation platform：登乘平台emergency light：应急灯escape hatch：逃生舱口fire blanket：防火毯oxygen tank：氧气瓶resuscitation equipment：复苏设备stretcher：担架bandage：绷带splint：夹板antiseptic：消毒剂adhesive tape：胶带scissors：剪刀thermometer：温度计painkiller：止痛药antihistamine：抗组胺药aspirin：阿司匹林burn cream：烧伤膏eye wash：洗眼液safety pin：安全别针tourniquet：止血带CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)：心肺复苏AED (Automated External Defibrillator)：自动体外除颤器rescue boat：救助艇fast rescue craft：快速救助艇man - overboard boat：救生艇（用于人员落水救援）life - saving throw rope：救生抛绳buoyant heaving line：浮索life ring：救生圈（同 lifebuoy）rescue net：救援网helicopter rescue：直升机救援winch：绞车lifeboat winch：救生艇绞车evacuation chute：撤离滑梯emergency ladder：应急梯life - saving signal：救生信号distress signal：遇险信号SOS signal：SOS 信号hand - held flare：手持信号弹parachute flare：降落伞信号弹smoke signal：烟雾信号daylight signal mirror：日光信号镜VHF radio：甚高频无线电EPIRB (Emergency Position - Indicating Radio Beacon)：应急无线电示位标GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System)：全球海上遇险与安全系统search and rescue：搜索与救援abandon ship：弃船muster drill：集合演习fire drill：消防演习abandon ship drill：弃船演习man - overboard drill：人员落水演习first - aid training：急救培训survival training：生存培训safety briefing：安全简报emergency procedure：应急程序safety equipment：安全设备protective equipment：防护设备personal protective equipment (PPE)：个人防护设备life - saving rule：救生规则maritime safety：海上安全safety regulation：安全规章international convention：国际公约SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea)：《国际海上人命安全公约》MARPOL (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships)：《国际防止船舶造成污染公约》

Uprighting a capsized liferaft

正倾覆救生筏的步骤

1. Swim to the side of the  cylinder.游到救生筏具有钢瓶一侧。
2. Turn the raft with the canopy to the wind.使救生筏的遮篷向风。
3. Climb up on the floor.爬上救生筏。
4. Grab the "righting - belt".抓住 “直立带”。
5. Stand on the Gas - cylinder and lean back.站到气罐上并向后倾。

（配有正倾覆救生筏步骤的相关图片，左侧图片展示人员在救生筏旁操作，右侧图片展示倾覆的救生筏及水中人员。）

Useful Tips 小贴士

电影《冰雪奇缘》主题歌 “Let It Go” 被译为 “随它吧”。日常口语中，let it go 可以表示 “放手，放开，不再多说，到此为止”。在航海英语中这个词组也经常出现，意思是 “解掉，放下，松开，抛下”，举例说明如下：Let go all lines and securing. 解开所有缆绳和绳索。

First - aid Scenarios and Responses

急救场景与应对

Scenario 1: Minor Cut

• Situation: A crew member gets a minor cut on the hand from a tool.
• Response:
1. Wash the cut with clean water.
2. Apply antiseptic to prevent infection.
3. Cover the cut with a sterile bandage.

Scenario 2: Sprained Ankle

• Situation: A sailor sprains an ankle while on deck.
• Response:
1. Rest the ankle and avoid putting weight on it.
2. Apply ice to reduce swelling (if ice is available).
3. Wrap the ankle with an elastic bandage for support.
4. Elevate the ankle to reduce swelling.

Scenario 3: Heat Exhaustion

• Situation: A crew member shows signs of heat exhaustion (dizziness, nausea, excessive sweating) during hot weather.
• Response:
1. Move the person to a cool, shaded area.
2. Give the person cool water to drink.
3. Loosen tight clothing to help with cooling.

Scenario 4: Choking

• Situation: A cook chokes on food in the galley.
• Response:
1. Perform the Heimlich maneuver: Stand behind the person, wrap your arms around their waist, make a fist with one hand, place it above the navel, grasp the fist with the other hand, and give quick upward thrusts.
2. If the person becomes unconscious, start CPR.

Emergency Drills

应急演习

Abandon Ship Drill

• Frequency: Conducted at least once a month.
• Procedures:
1. Sound the abandon ship alarm (usually seven short blasts followed by one long blast on the ship's whistle).
2. Crew members proceed to their assigned muster stations.
3. Check lifejackets and other personal survival equipment.
4. Practice launching lifeboats and liferafts.
5. Conduct a roll call to ensure all crew members are accounted for.

Fire Drill

• Frequency: Conducted weekly.
• Procedures:
1. Sound the fire alarm (continuous ringing of the ship's alarm bells).
2. Crew members assigned to fire teams proceed to the fire location with fire - fighting equipment.
3. Other crew members proceed to their muster stations.
4. Practice using fire extinguishers and fire hoses to put out a simulated fire.
5. Ensure all escape routes are clear.

Man - Overboard Drill

• Frequency: Conducted at least once every three months.
• Procedures:
1. Sound the man - overboard alarm (three long blasts on the ship's whistle).
2. The ship takes immediate action to return to the person in the water (such as using the Williamson turn or Scharnow turn).
3. Deploy rescue boats or liferafts to retrieve the person.
4. Practice throwing lifebuoys and using rescue ropes.