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心理咨询师学习笔记24:投射

  • 2026-02-10 05:34:06
心理咨询师学习笔记24:投射
1、投射
是什么？——就是一个人将自己的潜意识中不能接受的情感冲动归结于他人的身上。
与移情的区别——移情移的是关系，投射投的是内在的想法；移情=关系，投射=行为/行为模式
每个人看到的世界是不一样的。对外在世界的态度，源于我们内在的感受。人生就是在各种投射中去完成的。
为什么会投射？——当一个人承受不了内在的自我否定时，就会在他所有的关系层面上，甚至是他想象的关系层面上，完成对自己内在不满意的投射。
投射的表现——1）当一个人试图抵御 内心不能够自我接受的一些冲动时，对待外在世界更容易变得刻薄。2）当我们想要消灭内在的羞耻感时，也容易投射给他人。
2、投射在不同场景下的呈现
  • 伴侣间：疑心病
  • 亲子关系中：严苛管教；贬低
  • 职场投射：领导同事对自己不满意
  • 社恐：欲望的投射（常见：视觉敏感）；攻击性投射
3、投射性认同
是什么？——是一个人诱导他人以一种限定的方式来作出反应的行为模式
它源于一个人的内在关系模式（即早年与重要抚养人之间的互动模式，这种模式已内化为自体的一部分），人会将这种模式置于现实的人际关系领域。
四种投射性认同认同：
  • 权力型：没有他，我活不下去
  • 依赖型：我不帮他，他活不下去
  • 迎合型：他付出牺牲的太多了，我很惭愧，要报答
  • 色情型：我控制不住想和他……
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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000556s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=no_67808;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000554s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.004101s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000367s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000631s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.002872s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000873s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 462864 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001953s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1770680104 WHERE `id` = 462864 [ RunTime:0.009907s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 65 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.004728s ]
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