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【档案学习】档案法律知识(一)

  • 2026-05-27 03:54:25
【档案学习】档案法律知识(一)
       档案法是一部什么样的法律？
档案法是调整档案法律关系，规范档案收集、整理、保护、利用及其监督管理活动，确立机关、团体、企业事业单位和其他组织以及公民档案保护义务与档案利用权利的法律，是档案领域的一部基础性法律。档案法属于法律中的行政法门类。行政法即调整行政关系的、规范和控制行政权的法律规范系统。
档案法的立法目的是什么？
档案法第一条体现了立法目的，具体包括3个方面：一是加强档案管理，二是提高档案信息化建设水平，三是为中国特色社会主义事业服务。加强档案管理是制定档案法的直接目的，主要包括加强档案的收集、整理、保护及利用工作，这是档案工作的基本环节和主要内容。随着信息技术的迅猛发展和广泛应用，档案工作面临从传统实体管理逐渐转向数字管理的挑战，因此立法目的中特别突出了档案信息化工作。档案工作最终要达到推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，为中国特色社会主义事业服务的目标。
档案法的适用范围是什么？
档案法作为我国档案领域的基础性法律，对档案工作进行了全面规范。档案法适用范围的规定体现在档案法第二条第一款，凡开展档案收集、整理、保护、利用及其监督管理活动，均要遵守档案法的规定，接受档案法的约束。
档案法所称档案是指所有档案吗？
档案法第二条第二款规定，本法所称档案，是指过去和现在的机关、团体、企业事业单位和其他组织以及个人从事经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明、军事、外事、科技等方面活动直接形成的对国家和社会具有保存价值的各种文字、图表、声像等不同形式的历史记录。《现代汉语词典》对档案的定义是：分类保存以备查考的文件和材料。二者相较，档案法所称档案的概念，其内涵较大，外延较小。档案法要规范的档案，不仅是保存备查的各种形式和载体的历史记录，而且是对国家和社会具有保存价值的历史记录。只有属于这个范围内的档案，才是档案法要规范的范畴。
原载于《中国档案报》2026年5月11日  总第4438期  中缝

来源：河南档案

编辑：崔金霞

审核：崔利锋

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  138. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/no.67808.cn/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/contract/DriverInterface.php ( 0.86 KB )
  139. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/no.67808.cn/runtime/temp/6df755f970a38e704c5414acbc6e8bcd.php ( 12.06 KB )
  140. /yingpanguazai/ssd/ssd1/www/no.67808.cn/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Html.php ( 4.42 KB )
  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000875s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=no_67808;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.001439s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000734s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000690s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001315s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000581s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.001488s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 490953 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001032s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1779827793 WHERE `id` = 490953 [ RunTime:0.014169s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 64 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000752s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 490953 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.004459s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 490953 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.004319s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 490953 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.006239s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 490953 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.002966s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 490953 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.004438s ]
0.128843s