Lesson 52 Mud is mud
课文原文：
1.My cousin, Harry, keeps a large curiously-shaped bottle on permanent display in his study.
我的堂兄哈里，在他的书房里陈列着一个形状奇特的大瓶子。
2.Despite the fact that the bottle is tinted a delicate shade of green, an observant visitor would soon notice that it is filled with what looks like a thick, greyish substance.
尽管瓶子被染成了一种柔和的绿色，但细心的访客很快就会注意到里面装着一种看起来又厚又灰的物质。
3.If you were to ask Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it contained perfumed mud.
如果你问哈里瓶子里装的是什么，他会告诉你里面是香水泥。
4.If you expressed doubt or surprise, he would immediately invite you to smell it and then to rub some into your skin.
如果你表示怀疑或惊讶，他会立刻请你闻一闻，然后再往你皮肤上擦一点。
5.This brief experiment would dispel any further doubts you might have.
这个小小的实验会打消你所有的疑虑。
6.The bottle really does contain perfumed mud.
瓶子里装的真的是香水泥。
7.How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond of relating.
哈里是如何得到这种稀奇古怪的东西的，有一段他很喜欢讲的有趣故事。
8.Furthermore, the acquisition of this bottle cured him of a bad habit he had been developing for years.
而且，得到这个瓶子也改掉了他多年来养成的一个坏习惯。
9.Harry used to consider it a great joke to go into expensive cosmetic shops and make outrageous requests for goods that do not exist.
哈里过去常常把去高档化妆品店，要一些根本不存在的东西当作一大乐事。
10.He would invent fanciful names on the spot.
他会当场编造出一些稀奇古怪的名字。
11.On entering a shop, he would ask for a new perfume called 'Scented Shadow' or for 'insoluble bath cubes'.
一进商店，他就会要一种叫 “香味影子” 的新香水，或者 “不溶性浴块”。
12.If a shop assistant told him she had not heard of it, he would pretend to be considerably put out.
如果店员说没听说过，他就会装出非常生气的样子。
13.He loved to be told that one of his imaginary products was temporarily out of stock and he would faithfully promise to call again at some future date, but of course he never did.
他最爱听店员说他虚构的某样东西暂时没货，然后他会一本正经地答应以后再打电话来，当然，他从来没有打过。
14.How Harry managed to keep a straight face during these performances is quite beyond me.
我实在不明白哈里是怎么能在这些表演中一直绷着脸不笑的。
15.Harry does not need to be prompted to explain how he bought his precious bottle of mud.
不用别人提醒，哈里就会主动讲他是怎么买到这瓶宝贝泥巴的。
16.One day, he went to an exclusive shop in London and asked for 'Myrolite'.
一天，他走进伦敦一家高档商店，要买 “米罗莱特”。
17.The shop assistant looked puzzled and Harry repeated the word, slowly stressing each syllable.
店员一脸茫然，哈里就把这个词重复了一遍，每个音节都慢慢重读。
18.When the woman shook her head in bewilderment, Harry went on to explain that 'myrolite' was a hard, amber-like substance which could be used to remove freckles.
看到店员困惑地摇头，哈里接着解释说，“米罗莱特” 是一种坚硬的琥珀色物质，可以用来去除雀斑。
19.This explanation evidently conveyed something to the woman who searched shelf after shelf.
这番话显然让店员明白了什么，她开始一个架子一个架子地找。
20.She produced all sorts of weird concoctions, but none of them met with Harry's requirements.
她拿出了各种稀奇古怪的混合制剂，但没有一样符合哈里的要求。
21.When Harry put on his act of being mildly annoyed, the assistant promised to order some for him.
当哈里装出有点不耐烦的样子时，店员答应给他订购一些。
22.Intoxicated by his success, Harry then asked for perfumed mud.
哈里被成功冲昏了头脑，接着又要香水泥。
23.He expected the assistant to look at him in blank astonishment.
他本以为店员会一脸茫然地看着他。
24.However, it was his turn to be surprised, for the woman's eyes immediately lit up and she fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect.
然而，这次轮到他吃惊了，因为店员的眼睛立刻亮了起来，她拿出好几个瓶子放在柜台上让哈里挑选。
25.For once, Harry had to admit defeat.
这一次，哈里不得不认输了。
26.He picked up what seemed to be the smallest bottle and discreetly asked the price.
他拿起看起来最小的一瓶，小心翼翼地问了价钱。
27.He was glad to get away with a mere twenty pounds and he beat a hasty retreat, clutching the precious bottle under his arm.
他很高兴只花了 20 英镑就脱身了，于是把这瓶宝贝泥巴夹在胳膊底下，赶紧溜了。
28.From then on, Harry decided that this little game he had invented might prove to be expensive.
从那以后，哈里意识到他发明的这个小游戏可能会很花钱。
29.The curious bottle, which now adorns the bookcase in his study, was his first and last purchase of rare cosmetics.
那个现在摆在他书房书架上的奇特瓶子，成了他第一次也是最后一次购买稀有化妆品。
课文分析：
1. My cousin, Harry, keeps a large curiously-shaped bottle on permanent display in his study.
·句子类型：陈述句（主谓宾结构）
·核心结构：主语(My cousin, Harry) + 谓语(keeps) + 宾语(a large curiously-shaped bottle) + 状语(on permanent display in his study)
·语法要点：
Harry 为同位语，补充说明 My cousin。
复合形容词 curiously-shaped（副词 + 过去分词构成，意为 “形状奇特的”）修饰 bottle。
固定搭配 keep sth. on display（陈列某物）；permanent 为形容词修饰 display。
·释义：我的堂兄哈里，在他的书房里陈列着一个形状奇特的大瓶子。
2. Despite the fact that the bottle is tinted a delicate shade of green, an observant visitor would soon notice that it is filled with what looks like a thick, greyish substance.
·句子类型：复合句（含同位语从句、宾语从句、宾语从句嵌套）
·核心结构：状语(Despite the fact that...) + 主句(主语an observant visitor + 谓语would soon notice + 宾语从句that it is filled with what...)
·语法要点：
Despite the fact that... 中 that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 fact 的具体内容，整体作让步状语。
被动语态 is tinted（被染成），a delicate shade of green 为主语补足语。
主句宾语从句 that it is filled with... 中，嵌套了 what 引导的宾语从句 what looks like...，作 with 的宾语。
greyish 为形容词后缀 -ish，表示 “略带… 的”。
·释义：尽管瓶子被染成了一种柔和的绿色，但细心的访客很快就会注意到里面装着一种看起来又厚又灰的物质。
3. If you were to ask Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it contained perfumed mud.
·句子类型：复合句（虚拟条件句 + 宾语从句）
·核心结构：虚拟条件句(If you were to ask...) + 主句(he would tell you + 宾语从句that it contained...)
·语法要点：
虚拟语气（与现在 / 将来事实相反）：If + 主语 + were to do / should do, 主语 + would/could/might + do，表示假设的、不太可能发生的情况。
条件句中嵌套 what 引导的宾语从句 what was in the bottle，作 ask 的直接宾语。
主句中 that 引导宾语从句，作 tell 的直接宾语，时态与虚拟语气呼应，用过去式 contained。
·释义：如果你问哈里瓶子里装的是什么，他会告诉你里面是香水泥。
4. If you expressed doubt or surprise, he would immediately invite you to smell it and then to rub some into your skin.
·句子类型：复合句（真实条件句 + 并列不定式）
·核心结构：条件句(If you expressed...) + 主句(he would invite you + 并列不定式短语(to smell... and then to rub...))
·语法要点：
条件句用一般过去时 expressed，主句用过去将来时 would invite，描述过去的习惯性假设。
固定搭配 invite sb. to do sth.（邀请某人做某事），两个并列的不定式 to smell 和 to rub 作宾语补足语，第二个 to 不可省略（因有 then 强调动作顺序）。
固定搭配 rub sth. into sth.（把… 擦入… 中）。
·释义：如果你表示怀疑或惊讶，他会立刻请你闻一闻，然后再往你皮肤上擦一点。
5. This brief experiment would dispel any further doubts you might have.
·句子类型：复合句（含定语从句）
·核心结构：主语(This brief experiment) + 谓语(would dispel) + 宾语(any further doubts) + 定语从句(you might have)
·语法要点：
定语从句 you might have 修饰 doubts，省略了关系代词 that/which（在从句中作宾语）。
情态动词 would 表示过去的习惯性动作；might 表示 “可能”，语气委婉。
dispel doubts 为固定搭配，意为 “打消疑虑”。
·释义：这个小小的实验会打消你所有的疑虑。
6. The bottle really does contain perfumed mud.
·句子类型：陈述句（强调句）
·核心结构：主语(The bottle) + 助动词does + 谓语(contain) + 宾语(perfumed mud)
·语法要点：
用助动词 does 对谓语动词 contain 进行强调，加强语气，意为 “确实、真的”。
perfumed 为过去分词作定语，修饰 mud，意为 “加了香料的”。
·释义：瓶子里装的真的是香水泥。
7. How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond of relating.
·句子类型：复合句（主语从句 + 定语从句）
·核心结构：主语从句(How Harry came into...) + 谓语(makes) + 宾语(an interesting story) + 定语从句(which he is fond of relating)
·语法要点：
How 引导主语从句，整个从句作句子的主语，谓语动词用单数 makes。
固定搭配 come into the possession of sth.（获得某物）；be fond of doing sth.（喜欢做某事）。
定语从句 which he is fond of relating 修饰 story，relating为动名词，作介词 of 的宾语。
outlandish 为形容词，意为 “稀奇古怪的、外国风味的”。
·释义：哈里是如何得到这种稀奇古怪的东西的，有一段他很喜欢讲的有趣故事。
8. Furthermore, the acquisition of this bottle cured him of a bad habit he had been developing for years.
·句子类型：复合句（含定语从句）
·核心结构：状语(Furthermore) + 主语(the acquisition of this bottle) + 谓语(cured) + 宾语(him) + 宾语补足语(of a bad habit) + 定语从句(he had been developing for years)
·语法要点：
固定搭配 cure sb. of sth.（治愈某人的某种疾病 / 改掉某人的坏习惯）。
定语从句 he had been developing for years 修饰 habit，省略了关系代词 that/which，从句用过去完成进行时 had been developing，表示动作从过去持续到过去的某个时间点。
furthermore 为连接副词，表递进关系。
·释义：而且，得到这个瓶子也改掉了他多年来养成的一个坏习惯。
9. Harry used to consider it a great joke to go into expensive cosmetic shops and make outrageous requests for goods that do not exist.
·句子类型：复合句（含形式宾语 + 定语从句）
·核心结构：主语(Harry) + 谓语(used to consider) + 形式宾语(it) + 宾语补足语(a great joke) + 真正的宾语不定式短语(to go into... and make...) + 定语从句(that do not exist)
·语法要点：
固定结构 consider it + n./adj. + to do sth.，其中 it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。
used to do sth. 表示 “过去常常做某事（现在已不做）”。
并列不定式 to go into... and make... 作真正的宾语，第二个 to 可省略。
定语从句 that do not exist 修饰 goods，that在从句中作主语，不可省略。
outrageous requests 意为 “离谱的、过分的要求”。
·释义：哈里过去常常把去高档化妆品店，要一些根本不存在的东西当作一大乐事。
10. He would invent fanciful names on the spot.
·句子类型：陈述句（主谓宾结构）
·核心结构：主语(He) + 谓语(would invent) + 宾语(fanciful names) + 状语(on the spot)
·语法要点：
情态动词 would 表示过去的习惯性、经常性动作，意为 “总是、常常”。
固定搭配 on the spot（当场、立刻）；fanciful names（稀奇古怪的名字）。
·释义：他会当场编造出一些稀奇古怪的名字。
11. On entering a shop, he would ask for a new perfume called 'Scented Shadow' or for 'insoluble bath cubes'.
·句子类型：陈述句（主谓宾结构）
·核心结构：状语(On entering a shop) + 主语(he) + 谓语(would ask for) + 宾语(a new perfume... or for 'insoluble bath cubes')
·语法要点：
1.On + 动名词作时间状语，意为 “一… 就…”，相当于 As soon as he entered a shop。
2.过去分词短语 called 'Scented Shadow' 作后置定语，修饰 perfume。
3.并列结构 ask for... or for...，第二个 for 可省略，保持结构对称。
4.insoluble bath cubes 意为 “不溶性浴块”，是虚构的产品名称。
·释义：一进商店，他就会要一种叫 “香味影子” 的新香水，或者 “不溶性浴块”。
12. If a shop assistant told him she had not heard of it, he would pretend to be considerably put out.
·句子类型：复合句（条件句 + 宾语从句 + 被动结构）
·核心结构：条件句(If a shop assistant told him + 宾语从句she had not heard of it) + 主句(he would pretend to be put out)
·语法要点：
条件句用一般过去时 told，主句用过去将来时 would pretend，描述过去的习惯性假设。
条件句中 told him 后接宾语从句 she had not heard of it，从句用过去完成时 had not heard，表示动作发生在 told 之前。
固定搭配 pretend to do sth.（假装做某事）；put out 此处为被动用法 be put out，意为 “生气、恼火”。
considerably 为副词，修饰 put out，表示程度。
·释义：如果店员说没听说过，他就会装出非常生气的样子。
13. He loved to be told that one of his imaginary products was temporarily out of stock and he would faithfully promise to call again at some future date, but of course he never did.
·句子类型：并列复合句（含宾语从句 + 并列句）
·核心结构：分句1(He loved to be told that...) + 并列连词and + 分句2(he would promise to call...) + 转折连词but + 分句3(of course he never did)
·语法要点：
被动结构 love to be told sth.（喜欢被别人告知某事），that 引导宾语从句，作 told 的直接宾语。
固定搭配 out of stock（缺货）；promise to do sth.（承诺做某事）；at some future date（将来某个时候）。
imaginary products 意为 “虚构的产品”；faithfully 为副词，修饰 promise，意为 “一本正经地、郑重地”。
句末的 did 为代动词，替代前面的 call again at some future date，避免重复。
·释义：他最爱听店员说他虚构的某样东西暂时没货，然后他会一本正经地答应以后再打电话来，当然，他从来没有打过。
14. How Harry managed to keep a straight face during these performances is quite beyond me.
·句子类型：复合句（主语从句）
·核心结构：主语从句(How Harry managed to keep...) + 谓语(is) + 表语(quite beyond me)
·语法要点：
How 引导主语从句，整个从句作句子的主语，谓语动词用单数 is。
固定搭配 manage to do sth.（设法做成某事）；keep a straight face（绷着脸、不笑）；beyond sb.（超出某人的理解范围，某人搞不懂）。
performances 此处指哈里的 “表演、闹剧”，为引申义。
·释义：我实在不明白哈里是怎么能在这些表演中一直绷着脸不笑的。
15. Harry does not need to be prompted to explain how he bought his precious bottle of mud.
·句子类型：复合句（含宾语从句）
·核心结构：主语(Harry) + 谓语(does not need to be prompted) + 状语(to explain + 宾语从句how he bought...)
·语法要点：
被动结构 need to be done（需要被…），此处意为 “不需要被别人提醒”。
to explain... 为不定式作目的状语，how 引导宾语从句，作 explain 的宾语。
prompt sb. to do sth. 意为 “促使 / 提醒某人做某事”。
·释义：不用别人提醒，哈里就会主动讲他是怎么买到这瓶宝贝泥巴的。
16. One day, he went to an exclusive shop in London and asked for 'Myrolite'.
·句子类型：陈述句（并列谓语）
·核心结构：状语(One day) + 主语(he) + 并列谓语(went to... and asked for...) + 宾语('Myrolite')
·语法要点：
并列谓语 went to... and asked for...，两个动作先后发生，时态均为一般过去时。
exclusive shop 意为 “高档的、专属的商店”；ask for sth.（索要某物）；'Myrolite' 为哈里虚构的产品名称。
·释义：一天，他走进伦敦一家高档商店，要买 “米罗莱特”。
17. The shop assistant looked puzzled and Harry repeated the word, slowly stressing each syllable.
·句子类型：并列句（含伴随状语）
·核心结构：分句1(The shop assistant looked puzzled) + 并列连词and + 分句2(Harry repeated the word + 伴随状语slowly stressing each syllable)
·语法要点：
分句 1 中looked 为系动词，puzzled 为形容词作表语，意为 “困惑的”。
分句 2 中slowly stressing each syllable 为现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示哈里在重复单词时的动作状态。
stress each syllable意为 “重读每个音节”。
·释义：店员一脸茫然，哈里就把这个词重复了一遍，每个音节都慢慢重读。
18. When the woman shook her head in bewilderment, Harry went on to explain that 'myrolite' was a hard, amber-like substance which could be used to remove freckles.
·句子类型：复合句（时间状语从句 + 宾语从句 + 定语从句）
·核心结构：时间状语从句(When the woman shook her head...) + 主句(Harry went on to explain + 宾语从句that 'myrolite' was... + 定语从句which could be used to remove freckles)
·语法要点：
When 引导时间状语从句，描述过去的动作场景。
固定搭配 go on to do sth.（接着做另一件事），区别于 go on doing sth.（继续做同一件事）。
that 引导宾语从句，作 explain 的宾语；从句中嵌套 which 引导的定语从句，修饰 substance，which 在从句中作主语，被动语态 could be used to do sth.（被用来做某事）。
in bewilderment（困惑地）；amber-like substance（琥珀色的物质）；remove freckles（去除雀斑）。
·释义：看到店员困惑地摇头，哈里接着解释说，“米罗莱特” 是一种坚硬的琥珀色物质，可以用来去除雀斑。
19. This explanation evidently conveyed something to the woman who searched shelf after shelf.
·句子类型：复合句（含定语从句）
·核心结构：主语(This explanation) + 谓语(conveyed) + 宾语(something) + 状语(to the woman) + 定语从句(who searched shelf after shelf)
·语法要点：
evidently 为副词，修饰谓语动词 conveyed，意为 “显然、明显地”。
定语从句 who searched shelf after shelf 修饰 woman，who在从句中作主语，指代人。
固定搭配 convey sth. to sb.（向某人传达 / 传递某物）；shelf after shelf（一个架子接一个架子地）。
·释义：这番话显然让店员明白了什么，她开始一个架子一个架子地找。
20. She produced all sorts of weird concoctions, but none of them met with Harry's requirements.
·句子类型：并列句
·核心结构：分句1(She produced all sorts of weird concoctions) + 转折连词but + 分句2(none of them met with Harry's requirements)
·语法要点：
weird concoctions 意为 “稀奇古怪的混合制剂”；produce 此处意为 “拿出、出示”。
none of them 作分句 2 的主语，指代 all sorts of weird concoctions，谓语动词用单数 met。
固定搭配 meet with one's requirements（满足某人的要求）。
·释义：她拿出了各种稀奇古怪的混合制剂，但没有一样符合哈里的要求。
21. When Harry put on his act of being mildly annoyed, the assistant promised to order some for him.
·句子类型：复合句（时间状语从句）
·核心结构：时间状语从句(When Harry put on his act...) + 主句(the assistant promised to order some for him)
·语法要点：
When 引导时间状语从句，描述过去的动作场景。
固定搭配 put on an act（装模作样、演戏）；being mildly annoyed 为动名词短语，作介词 of 的宾语，意为 “有点不耐烦的样子”。
promise to do sth.（承诺做某事）；order sth. for sb.（为某人订购某物）。
·释义：当哈里装出有点不耐烦的样子时，店员答应给他订购一些。
22. Intoxicated by his success, Harry then asked for perfumed mud.
·句子类型：陈述句（含过去分词作状语）
·核心结构：状语(Intoxicated by his success) + 主语(Harry) + 谓语(asked for) + 宾语(perfumed mud)
·语法要点：
过去分词短语 Intoxicated by his success 作原因状语，逻辑主语与主句主语 Harry 一致，表示被动关系（哈里被成功冲昏了头脑）。
intoxicated by sth. 意为 “被…冲昏头脑、陶醉于…”；perfumed mud（香水泥，此处哈里仍以为是虚构的产品）。
·释义：哈里被成功冲昏了头脑，接着又要香水泥。
23. He expected the assistant to look at him in blank astonishment.
·句子类型：陈述句（主谓宾 + 宾语补足语）
·核心结构：主语(He) + 谓语(expected) + 宾语(the assistant) + 宾语补足语(to look at him in blank astonishment)
·语法要点：
固定结构 expect sb. to do sth.（期待某人做某事），不定式短语作宾语补足语。
in blank astonishment 意为 “一脸茫然地、惊愕地”。
·释义：他本以为店员会一脸茫然地看着他。
24. However, it was his turn to be surprised, for the woman's eyes immediately lit up and she fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect.
·句子类型：并列复合句（含原因状语从句 + 定语从句）
·核心结构：分句1(However, it was his turn to be surprised) + 原因状语从句(for the woman's eyes lit up and she fetched several bottles + 定语从句which she placed on the counter...)
·语法要点：
固定结构 It is one's turn to do sth.（轮到某人做某事），此处用被动语态 to be surprised（轮到他吃惊了）。
for 为并列连词，表原因，连接两个分句。
定语从句 which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect 修饰 bottles，which 在从句中作宾语，可省略；for Harry to inspect 为不定式复合结构，作目的状语。
light up 意为 “（眼睛）亮起来”；fetch 意为 “拿来、取来”。
·释义：然而，这次轮到他吃惊了，因为店员的眼睛立刻亮了起来，她拿出好几个瓶子放在柜台上让哈里挑选。
25. For once, Harry had to admit defeat.
·句子类型：陈述句（主谓宾结构）
·核心结构：状语(For once) + 主语(Harry) + 谓语(had to admit) + 宾语(defeat)
·语法要点：
For once 为固定搭配，意为 “就这一次、破例一次”。
have to do sth.（不得不做某事）；admit defeat（承认失败、认输）。
·释义：这一次，哈里不得不认输了。
26. He picked up what seemed to be the smallest bottle and discreetly asked the price.
·句子类型：复合句（并列谓语 + 宾语从句）
·核心结构：主语(He) + 并列谓语(picked up + 宾语从句what seemed to be the smallest bottle and discreetly asked the price)
·语法要点：
并列谓语 picked up... and asked...，时态均为一般过去时。
what 引导宾语从句，作 picked up 的宾语，what 在从句中作主语，意为 “看起来最小的那个瓶子”。
discreetly 为副词，修饰 asked，意为 “小心翼翼地、谨慎地”。
·释义：他拿起看起来最小的一瓶，小心翼翼地问了价钱。
27. He was glad to get away with a mere twenty pounds and he beat a hasty retreat, clutching the precious bottle under his arm.
·句子类型：并列句（含现在分词作状语）
·核心结构：分句1(He was glad to get away with...) + 并列连词and + 分句2(he beat a hasty retreat + 伴随状语clutching the precious bottle under his arm)
·语法要点：
固定搭配 be glad to do sth.（很高兴做某事）；get away with sth.（侥幸逃脱、只花了… 就脱身了）；a mere twenty pounds（仅仅 20 英镑）。
分句 2 中clutching the precious bottle under his arm 为现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示哈里撤退时的动作状态。
beat a hasty retreat为固定习语，意为 “赶紧溜走、仓促撤退”。
·释义：他很高兴只花了 20 英镑就脱身了，于是把这瓶宝贝泥巴夹在胳膊底下，赶紧溜了。
28. From then on, Harry decided that this little game he had invented might prove to be expensive.
·句子类型：复合句（宾语从句 + 定语从句）
·核心结构：状语(From then on) + 主语(Harry) + 谓语(decided) + 宾语从句that this little game... might prove to be expensive + 定语从句he had invented)
·语法要点：
From then on 为固定搭配，意为 “从那以后”。
that 引导宾语从句，作 decided 的宾语；从句中嵌套定语从句 he had invented，修饰 game，省略了关系代词 that/which，从句用过去完成时 had invented，表示动作发生在 decided 之前。
prove to be + adj. 意为 “结果是、被证明是”。
·释义：从那以后，哈里意识到他发明的这个小游戏可能会很花钱。
29. The curious bottle, which now adorns the bookcase in his study, was his first and last purchase of rare cosmetics.
·句子类型：复合句（含非限制性定语从句）
·核心结构：主语(The curious bottle) + 非限制性定语从句(which now adorns the bookcase in his study) + 谓语(was) + 表语(his first and last purchase of rare cosmetics)
·语法要点：
which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 bottle，从句前后用逗号隔开，补充说明瓶子的现状。
adorn 为动词，意为 “装饰、装点”；rare cosmetics（稀有化妆品）。
first and last purchase 意为 “第一次也是最后一次购买”，强调唯一性。
·释义：那个现在摆在他书房书架上的奇特瓶子，成了他第一次也是最后一次购买稀有化妆品。
词汇分析：
一、核心词汇
1.curiously-shaped /ˈkjʊəriəsli ʃeɪpt/adj. 形状奇特的
2.permanent /ˈpɜːmənənt/adj. 永久的，常设的
3.tinted /ˈtɪntɪd/adj. 带色调的，着色的
4.delicate /ˈdelɪkət/adj. 淡雅的，柔和的；精致的
5.observant /əbˈzɜːvənt/adj. 善于观察的，敏锐的
6.greyish /ˈɡreɪɪʃ/adj. 略带灰色的，浅灰的
7.perfumed /ˈpɜːfjuːmd/adj. 芳香的，加香料的
8.dispel /dɪˈspel/vt. 驱散，消除（疑虑、恐惧）
9.outlandish /aʊˈlændɪʃ/adj. 古怪奇异的，稀奇古怪的
10.acquisition /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/n. 获得，购置物
11.cosmetic /kɒzˈmetɪk/n. 化妆品 adj. 美容的
12.outrageous /aʊˈtreɪdʒəs/adj. 离谱的，蛮横的
13.fanciful /ˈfænsɪfl/adj. 稀奇古怪的，凭空想象的
14.exclusive /ɪkˈskluːsɪv/adj. 高档的，专属的，独家的
15.bewilderment /bɪˈwɪldəmənt/n. 困惑，茫然
16.amber-like /ˈæmbə laɪk/adj. 琥珀色的
17.substance /ˈsʌbstəns/n. 物质；物品
18.freckle /ˈfrekl/n. 雀斑
19.convey /kənˈveɪ/vt. 传达，使明白；传递
20.weird /wɪəd/adj. 怪异的，离奇的
21.concoction /kənˈkɒkʃn/n. 调和物，混合制剂
22.mildly /ˈmaɪldli/adv. 略微地，温和地
23.intoxicate /ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪt/vt. 使陶醉，冲昏头脑
24.blank /blæŋk/adj. 茫然的，空白的
25.astonishment /əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/n. 惊愕，惊讶
26.inspect /ɪnˈspekt/vt. 查看，细看，检查
27.discreetly /dɪˈskriːtli/adv. 谨慎地，小心翼翼地
28.mere /mɪə(r)/adj. 仅仅的，只不过的
29.hasty /ˈheɪsti/adj. 仓促的，匆忙的
30.clutch /klʌtʃ/vt. 紧紧抓住，抱紧
31.adorn /əˈdɔːn/vt. 装饰，装点
二、高级固定搭配
1.on permanent display
释义：长期陈列，永久摆放
语境：keeps a bottle on permanent display 长期摆放一只瓶子
2.a delicate shade of green
释义：一抹淡雅的绿色；柔和的绿色调
3.come into the possession of sth.
释义：获得 / 拥有某物
4.cure sb. of a bad habit
释义：改掉某人的坏习惯；治愈某人恶习
5.make outrageous requests for goods
释义：对商品提出离谱的要求
6.on the spot
释义：当场，立刻；现场
7.out of stock
释义：缺货，无现货
8.keep a straight face
释义：绷着脸，忍住不笑
9.beyond sb.
释义：超出某人理解范围，某人搞不懂
10.put on one’s act
释义：装模作样，演戏，故作姿态
11.go on to do sth.
释义：接着去做另一件事
12.in bewilderment
释义：茫然地，困惑地
13.meet with one’s requirements
释义：满足某人的要求
14.be intoxicated by one’s success
释义：被成功冲昏头脑
15.in blank astonishment
释义：茫然惊愕地
16.it is one’s turn to do sth.
释义：轮到某人做某事
17.admit defeat
释义：认输，承认失败
18.get away with
释义：侥幸脱身；只花少量代价了事
19.beat a hasty retreat
释义：仓促溜走，赶紧撤退
20.prove to be + adj.
释义：结果是；被证明是
21.first and last
释义：唯一的；从头到尾
三、拓展搭配
1. 与 display 相关
·put sth. on display 展出某物
·public display 公开展示
·display a talent for 展现…… 天赋
2. 与 dispel 相关
·dispel doubts/fears/misunderstandings
消除疑虑 / 恐惧 / 误解（写作万能）
3. 与 possession 相关
·take possession of 占有，接管
·in possession of 拥有（人作主语）
·in the possession of 为……所拥有（物作主语）
4. 与 cure 相关
·cure sb. of disease 治好某人疾病
·rid sb. of a habit 改掉习惯（同义替换）
5. 与 request 相关
·make a request for 申请，要求
·at the request of sb. 应某人要求
6. 与 exclusive 相关
·exclusive brand 高端品牌
·exclusive interview 专访
·exclusive right 独家经营权
7. 与 convey 相关
·convey one’s feelings/emotions 表达情感
·convey information 传递信息
8. 与 require /requirement 相关
·meet/satisfy requirements 满足要求
·basic requirements 基本条件
9. 与 pretend 相关
·pretend to be 假装是
·pretend ignorance 佯装不知情
10. 与 inspect 相关
·inspect the details 细看细节
·safety inspection 安全检查
11. 与 hasty 相关
·hasty decision 草率的决定
·hasty conclusion 仓促下结论
12. 与 adorn 相关
·be adorned with 装饰有……
·adorn oneself with 佩戴……
四、词汇规律
1. 后缀 -ish 构词规律
greyish / greenish / yellowish
adj. + -ish = 略带…… 颜色的；有点…… 的
写作可仿写：childish 孩子气的，selfish 自私的
2. would 两大课文用法
1.表过去习惯性动作：He would invent names. 他总爱编名字
2.虚拟语气主句：If you..., he would... 假如你…… 他就会……
3. used to do vs would do
·used to：过去常常，现在不做了，可指状态 + 动作
·would：只指重复性动作，不接状态动词
4. go on to do vs go on doing
·go on to do 停下旧事，接着做新事
·go on doing 继续做同一件事
5. none of + 复数名词
none of them 作主语，谓语单复数均可，课文用单数符合书面正式语体
6. It is one’s turn to do
高频口语 + 写作句型：轮到某人做某事，可替换 It’s time for sb. to do
长难句分析：
长难句 1
原句
Despite the fact that the bottle is tinted a delicate shade of green, an observant visitor would soon notice that it is filled with what looks like a thick, greyish substance.
1. 句子拆分
让步状语：Despite the fact that + 同位语从句
主句：an observant visitor would soon notice
宾语从句：that it is filled with …
嵌套宾语从句：what looks like a thick, greyish substance
2. 语法精析
- Despite the fact that...
固定高阶结构：介词短语 + 同位语从句，整体作让步状语
= Although / Though 引导让步状语从句，写作高分替换。
- that 引导同位语从句，解释抽象名词 fact 的具体内容，从句完整不缺成分。
- 主句 notice 后接that 宾语从句；
- 宾语从句里嵌套what 引导的名词性宾语从句，作介词 with 的宾语；
what 在从句中充当主语，不能换成 that/which。
3. 必注意考点
- Despite 是介词，后面不能直接跟完整句子，必须加 the fact that 再接从句；
- 多层从句嵌套：同位语从句 → 宾语从句 → 名词性从句，是新三经典多层嵌套句型；
- a delicate shade of + 颜色固定高级表达，写作可直接套用。
4. 翻译
尽管瓶子被染成一种淡雅的绿色，但细心的访客很快会发现，瓶内装满了一种看似浓稠、略呈灰色的物质。
长难句 2
原句
If you were to ask Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it contained perfumed mud.
1. 句子拆分
虚拟条件句：If you were to ask Harry + 宾语从句 what was in the bottle
主句：he would tell you + 宾语从句 that it contained perfumed mud
2. 语法精析
- If + 主语 + were to do
标准将来虚拟语气：表示假设、不太可能发生的事。
- 条件句中 ask 后接what 宾语从句，倒装语序还原为陈述语序 what was…
- 主句用would + 动词原形配合虚拟；
- 主从句时态呼应：虚拟语境下从句用过去式 contained，时态退后一步。
3. 必注意考点
- were to do ≈ should do，都是虚拟专用结构，不能用 will/shall；
- 宾语从句必须用陈述语序，不能说 what was it；
- 整句是虚拟 + 双宾语从句组合，写作议论文假设观点万能句型。
4. 翻译
倘若你问哈里瓶子里装的是什么，他会告诉你那里面装的是香水泥。
长难句 3
原句
How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond of relating.
1. 句子拆分
主语从句：How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff
主句谓语：makes
主句宾语：an interesting story
定语从句：which he is fond of relating 修饰 story
2. 语法精析
- How 引导主语从句，整个从句充当句子单一主语；
- 主语从句作主语，主句谓语动词用单数 makes；
- which 引导限制性定语从句，指代 story，在从句中作 relate 的宾语；
- be fond of doing 固定搭配，of 后接动名词 relating。
3. 必注意考点
主语从句作主语，谓语必用单数，高频语法改错考点；
- 牢记结构：疑问词引导主语从句 + 单数谓语；
- come into the possession of 高级固定短语，写作替换 get/obtain。
4. 翻译
哈里是如何得到这种稀奇古怪东西的，构成了一段他很乐意讲述的趣闻。
长难句 4
原句
Harry used to consider it a great joke to go into expensive cosmetic shops and make outrageous requests for goods that do not exist.
1. 句子拆分
主语：Harry
谓语：used to consider
形式宾语：it
宾补：a great joke
真正宾语：不定式 to go into... and (to) make...
定语从句：that do not exist 修饰 goods
2. 语法精析
- consider it + 名词 + to do sth
经典句型：it 作形式宾语，后置不定式作真正宾语；
- used to do 表示过去习惯性动作，现在不再做；
- 两个并列不定式 to go into and (to) make，第二个 to 可省略；
- that 引导定语从句，修饰 goods，that 在从句中作主语，不可省略。
3. 必注意考点
- 只要看到 consider/think/find/make + it + adj/n + to do，都是形式宾语结构；
- 定语从句 that 作主语不能省略，作宾语才可省；
- used to 只描述过去，不和 now 连用。
4. 翻译
哈里过去常常把走进高档化妆品店、索要一些根本不存在的商品当作一大趣事。
长难句 5
原句
When the woman shook her head in bewilderment, Harry went on to explain that 'myrolite' was a hard, amber-like substance which could be used to remove freckles.
1. 句子拆分
时间状语从句：When the woman shook her head in bewilderment
主句：Harry went on to explain
宾语从句：that 'myrolite' was a hard, amber-like substance
定语从句：which could be used to remove freckles 修饰 substance
2. 语法精析
- When 引导时间状语从句；
- go on to do sth接着做另一件新事（区别 go on doing 继续做原事）；
- that 引导宾语从句；
- which 引导定语从句修饰 substance，从句用被动语态 be used to do被用来做……
3. 必注意考点
- 区分：go on to do /go on doing 必考辨析；
- 定语从句 + 被动语态叠加，是阅读长难句标配；
- in bewilderment 介词短语作方式状语，高级书面表达。
4. 翻译
当那位店员困惑地摇着头时，哈里接着解释说，“米罗莱特” 是一种坚硬的琥珀色物质，可用来祛除雀斑。
长难句 6
原句
However, it was his turn to be surprised, for the woman's eyes immediately lit up and she fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect.
1. 句子拆分
主句：it was his turn to be surprised
并列连词 for 引导原因分句
分句 1：the woman's eyes immediately lit up
分句 2：she fetched several bottles
定语从句：which she placed on the counter… 修饰 bottles
2. 语法精析
- It is one’s turn to do sth固定句型：轮到某人做某事；
- for 是并列连词，补充说明原因，语气比 because 弱，书面语常用；
- 两个并列谓语 lit up and fetched；
- which 定语从句修饰 bottles，which 在从句中作宾语，可省略；
- for Harry to inspect 不定式复合结构作目的状语。
3. 必注意考点
- for 表原因不能放句首，只能分句之间；
- It’s one’s turn to do 写作口语万能套用句；
- 定语从句作宾语可省略关系代词，阅读中常省略要能识别。
4. 翻译
然而，这次轮到他惊讶了，因为店员的眼睛立刻亮了起来，她拿出好几瓶摆在柜台上供哈里查看。
长难句 7
原句
From then on, Harry decided that this little game he had invented might prove to be expensive.
1. 句子拆分
时间状语：From then on
主句：Harry decided
宾语从句：that this little game might prove to be expensive
省略关系代词的定语从句：(that/which) he had invented 修饰 game
2. 语法精析
- decided 后接 that 宾语从句；
- 定语从句 he had invented 修饰 game，关系代词作宾语直接省略；
- 过去完成时 had invented：发明动作发生在 decided 之前，“过去的过去”；
- prove to be + adj 系表结构：证明是、结果是。
3. 必注意考点
- 过去完成时标志：过去两个动作，先发生的用 had done；
- 定语从句省略 that/which 是新三高频，一定要会还原；
- prove to be 无被动，本身含被动含义。
4. 翻译
从那以后，哈里意识到他自己发明的这个小游戏到头来可能代价不菲。
句型分析：
句式 1
课文原句
Despite the fact that the bottle is tinted a delicate shade of green, an observant visitor would soon notice that it is filled with what looks like a thick, greyish substance.
核心套用句型
Despite the fact that + 事实现状，sb. would soon notice that + 客观发现
替换套用说明
把前半句换成某种现状 / 现象，后半句换成人们会发现的事实，完美替代普通 Although 让步句，作文升档。
仿写例句
Despite the fact that online learning is convenient and flexible, many students would soon notice that it lacks effective face-to-face communication.
仿写翻译
尽管线上学习既方便又灵活，但很多学生很快就会发现它缺乏有效的面对面交流。
句式 2
课文原句
How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond of relating.
核心套用句型
How + 某人 / 某事 + 发展 / 经历 + makes an interesting phenomenon which is worth discussing.
替换套用说明
用How 主语从句作整句主语，适合作文开头引出话题、描述现象起因，高级感极强。
仿写例句
How young people rely heavily on social media makes a common phenomenon which is worth deep consideration.
仿写翻译
年轻人如何过度依赖社交媒体，构成了一个值得深思的普遍现象。
句式 3
课文原句
The acquisition of this bottle cured him of a bad habit he had been developing for years.
核心套用句型
The acquisition of sth. / The experience of sth. cures sb. of a bad habit he has formed for a long time.
替换套用说明
可用于经历 / 某事改掉陋习、改变观念，适合教育、个人成长类作文。
仿写例句
The experience of taking part in volunteer activities cured many teenagers of the lazy lifestyle they have formed for years.
仿写翻译
参与志愿活动的经历，改掉了许多青少年多年来养成的懒散生活习惯。
句式 4
课文原句
Harry used to consider it a great joke to do something ridiculous and make unreasonable requests for things that do not exist.
核心套用句型
Sb. used to consider it + 评价词 + to do sth. and pursue goals that are unrealistic.
替换套用说明
consider it + 名词 + to do形式宾语万能句型，用来表达 “某人过去认为做某事是……”。
仿写例句
Many people used to consider it a luxury to travel abroad and pursue dreams that are beyond their ability.
仿写翻译
许多人过去曾把出国旅行、追求超出自身能力的梦想视作一种奢望。
句式 5
课文原句
From then on, Harry decided that this little game he had invented might prove to be expensive.
核心套用句型
From then on, sb. realize/decide that + 某事物 + might prove to be + 负面 / 正面评价形容词.
替换套用说明
用于得出结论、反思后果，prove to be 无被动，作文结尾总结专用。
仿写例句
From then on, people gradually realized that blind consumption might prove to be a heavy burden on their daily life.
仿写翻译
从那以后，人们逐渐意识到盲目消费到头来可能会成为日常生活的沉重负担。
