基数词用于表示数量或号码,回答“多少个?”的问题。
0-12:不规则,需单独记忆。
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
zero
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
13-19:以 -teen结尾。
-teen
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
注意:thirteen, fifteen, eighteen有特殊拼写。
20-90 (整十数):以 -ty结尾。
-ty
twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
twenty
thirty
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
注意:forty中没有 u;eighty中没有 a。
u
a
21-99 (非整十数):用“十位-连字符-个位”的形式。
twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-five, ninety-nine
twenty-one
thirty-two
forty-five
ninety-nine
100及以上:
one hundred(100)
one hundred
two hundred(200)
two hundred
one thousand(1,000)
one thousand
one million(1,000,000)
one million
one billion(1,000,000,000)
one billion
注意:hundred, thousand, million, billion前有具体数字时,通常用单数形式,不加 -s。
hundred
thousand
million
billion
-s
345-> three hundred and forty-five
345
英式英语常加 and,美式英语有时省略。
and
1,234-> one thousand, two hundred and thirty-four
1,234
5,678,910-> five million, six hundred and seventy-eight thousand, nine hundred and ten
5,678,910
电话号码:通常一个一个读数字,0 常读作 oh或 zero。
oh
138-1234-5678-> one three eight, one two three four, five six seven eight
138-1234-5678
年份:通常分为两部分读。
2023-> twenty twenty-three
2023
1998-> nineteen ninety-eight
1998
房间号:
Room 205-> Room two oh five 或 Room two zero five
Room 205
序数词用于表示顺序或排名,回答“第几?”的问题。
第1-3:不规则,需单独记忆。
first(1st), second(2nd), third(3rd)
first
second
third
第4-19:一般在基数词后加 -th。
-th
fifth(five -> fifth)
fifth
eighth(eight -> eighth)
eighth
ninth(nine -> ninth)
ninth
twelfth(twelve -> twelfth)
twelfth
fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth...
fourth
sixth
seventh
tenth
eleventh
thirteenth
注意:
第20及以上 (整十数):将 -ty变为 -tieth。
-tieth
twentieth(20th), thirtieth(30th), fortieth(40th)...
twentieth
thirtieth
fortieth
注意:fortieth中 y变为 ie。
y
ie
第21及以上 (非整十数):十位用基数词,个位用序数词。
twenty-first(21st), thirty-second(32nd), forty-fifth(45th)
twenty-first
thirty-second
forty-fifth
序数词的缩写由“阿拉伯数字 + 最后两个字母”构成。
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 32nd, 45th
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
21st
32nd
45th
功能
基数词 (Cardinal)
序数词 (Ordinal)
核心含义
多少 (How many?)
第几 (Which one in order?)
例句 (数量)
I have three books. (我有三本书。)
-
例句 (顺序)
She won first prize. (她赢得了一等奖。)
例句 (日期)
Today is March 5th. (今天是三月五日。)
例句 (分数)
one third (三分之一)
the third part (第三部分)
混淆:fifteen(15) vs. fifty(50)
拼写错误:forty(40) 不是 fourty;eighth(8th) 只有一个 t。
fourty
t
用法错误:在表示顺序时,忘记将基数词改为序数词。
❌ He lives on the 5 floor.
✅ He lives on the 5th floor.