神宇股份(2022年报)学习笔记
主营业务:射频同轴电缆的研发、生产和销售;包括细微射频同轴电缆,极细射频同轴电缆,半柔、半刚射频同轴电缆,稳相微波射频同轴电缆,军标系列射频同轴电缆等多种系列产品。产品应用于电子设备、移动通信、广播电视、航空航天、汽车电子、医疗器械等领域;
客户是:toB电子设备生产商;
核心竞争力:进口替代,与国外大公司比有成本优势;
风险点:应收账款占比太高;
2022年,通信基站的产品销售下降;
基本面:
年度 | 射频同轴电缆销量 | 同比 | 黄金拉丝产品销量 | 同比 | | 国内营收 | 占比 |
2016 | 39.0741万千米 | 34.14% | 16.4933万克 | | | 2.56 | 82.22% |
2017 | 45.2380 | 15.77% | 13.1191 | | | 2.67 | 82.38% |
2018 | 53.53 | 18.34% | 13.2971 | | | 3.13 | 84.59% |
2019 | 59.21 | 10.60% | 31.4063 | | | 4.14 | 87.96% |
2020 | 76.35 | 28.95% | 38.7020 | | | 5.54 | 89.20% |
2021 | 79.66 | 4.33% | 75.7752 | 95.79% | | 7.95 | 94.70% |
2022 | 67.91 | -6.46% | 48.7891 | -35.6% | | 7.52 | 97.88% |
分红:
年度 | 分红(亿) | 占当年归母净利润的比例 | 每股分红(元) | 送转增 | 扣除费用后实际募集资金(亿) |
2016 | 0.1600 | 44.44% | 0.20 | | 1.4403(1.7680) |
2017 | 0.0800 | 20.12% | 0.10 | | |
2018 | 0.0920 | 20.84% | 0.115 | | |
2019 | 0.1600 | 29.83% | 0.20 | | |
2020 | 0.1402 | 22.68% | 0.15 | 10转增9 | 3.3303(3.4999)非公开发行 |
2021 | 0.1599 | | 0.09 | | |
2022 | 0.1609 | | 0.09 | | |
简化利润表:单位:亿元
年度 | 总收入 | 同比>15%(成长) | 毛利润 | 同比 | 毛利率>40%有竞争优势 | 非国际归母净利润 | 同比>15% (成长) | 净利率>20%有竞争优势 | ROE>20%有护城河 |
2016 | 3.12 | 18.50% | 0.79 | 17.91% | 25.32% | 0.36 | 10.82% | 11.53% | 13.22% |
2017 | 3.24 | 3.83% | 0.84 | 6.32% | 25.92% | 0.39 | 10.45% | 12.03% | 9.18% |
2018 | 3.70 | 14.12% | 0.91 | 8.33% | 24.59% | 0.44 | 11.01% | 11.89% | 9.49% |
2019 | 4.71 | 27.32% | 1.16 | 27.47% | 24.62% | 0.53 | 21.53% | 11.25% | 10.61% |
2020 | 6.21 | 31.86% | 1.33 | 14.65% | 21.41% | 0.61 | 15.29% | 9.82% | 8.62% |
2021 | 8.39 | 35.10% | 1.35 | 1.50% | 16.09% | 0.69 | 12.70% | 8.22% | 7.65% |
2022 | 7.68 | -8.49% | 1.07 | -20.7% | 13.93% | 0.43 | -38.02% | 5.59% | 4.54% |
分季度收入:单位:亿元
年度 | Q1收入 | 归母净利 | Q2收入 | 归母净利 | Q3收入 | 归母净利 | Q4收入 | 归母净利 |
2016 | 0.55 | 0.12 | 0.81 | 0.07 | 0.97 | 0.08 | 0.77 | 0.07 |
2017 | 0.77 | 0.13 | 0.73 | 0.09 | 0.86 | 0.09 | 0.87 | 0.07 |
2018 | 0.84 | 0.14 | 0.95 | 0.09 | 0.95 | 0.10 | 0.93 | 0.10 |
2019 | 0.81 | 0.12 | 1.26 | 0.12 | 1.28 | 0.12 | 1.34 | 0.16 |
2020 | 0.93 | 0.13 | 1.65 | 0.16 | 1.80 | 0.20 | 1.82 | 0.10 |
2021 | 2.01 | 0.15 | 1.65 | 0.15 | 2.34 | 0.21 | 2.38 | 0.17 |
2022 | 2.13 | 0.17 | 2.39 | 0.19 | 1.51 | 0.07 | 1.63 | -0.02 |
分市场收入:亿元
年度 | 射频同轴电缆 | 占比 | 毛利率 | 黄金拉丝产品 | 占比 | 毛利率 | | | |
2016 | 2.65 | 85.00% | 28.80% | | | | | | |
2017 | 2.86 | 88.36% | 28.29% | | | | | | |
2018 | 3.25 | 87.97% | 26.95% | | | | | | |
2019 | 3.63 | 77.06% | 30.65% | | | | | | |
2020 | 4.77 | 76.78% | 26.97% | | | | | | |
2021 | 5.65 | 67.30% | 22.98% | 2.43 | 29.00% | 1.39% | | | |
2022 | 5.36 | 69.86% | 18.58% | 1.72 | 22.49% | 2.06% | | | |
简化资产负债表:
年度 | 货币资金 | 类现金>有息负债 | 日常经营所需资金=经现流流出小计 | 经营资产 | 生产资产 | 占总资产比例 | 有息负债 | 有息负债/总资产 | 应付票据账款(上下游的地位) |
2016 | 1.72 | 1.60 | 2.57 | 1.81 | 2.42 | 39.41% | 0.40 | 6.51% | 1.38 |
2017 | 0.88 | 0.82 | 3.09 | 2.39 | 2.78 | 43.30% | 0.60 | 9.34% | 1.12 |
2018 | 0.57 | 0.52 | 4.01 | 2.63 | 2.90 | 45.74% | 0.40 | 6.30% | 0.84 |
2019 | 0.46 | 0.41 | 4.16 | 3.55 | 2.98 | 42.14% | 0.30 | 4.24% | 1.21 |
2020 | 1.28 | 1.10 | 6.01 | 4.37 | 3.65 | 33.21% | 0 | 0 | 1.56 |
2021 | 1.22 | 0.97 | 8.36 | 5.48 | 4.42 | 34.99% | 0 | 0 | 2.72 |
2022 | 0.51 | 0.24 | 7.75 | 5.99 | 4.44 | 33.45% | 0.09 | 0.67% | 2.97 |
其中:
年度 | 应收账款原值(含增值税)+商票+合同资产 | 同比 <营收增幅 | 占营收比例>15%说明产品不好卖>25%周转就困难直接排除 | 账期 | 占总资产比例<5%说明产品好卖 | 存货周转天数 | 预收款合同负债(上下游的地位) | 净资产 | 总资产 |
2016 | 1.27 | 26.70% | 40.70% | 149天 | 20.68% | 74天 | 0.003 | 4.24 | 6.14 |
2017 | 1.49 | 17.32% | 45.98% | 168天 | 23.20% | 130天 | 0.003 | 4.47 | 6.42 |
2018 | 1.56 | 4.69% | 42.16% | 154天 | 24.60% | 116天 | 0.008 | 4.83 | 6.34 |
2019 | 1.86 | 19.23% | 39.49% | 145天 | 26.30% | 108天 | 0.006 | 5.28 | 7.07 |
2020 | 2.43 | 30.64% | 39.13% | 143天 | 22.11% | 75天 | 0.01 | 9.07 | 10.99 |
2021 | 2.80 | 15.22% | 33.37% | 122天 | 22.16% | 76天 | 0.01 | 9.37 | 12.63 |
2022 | 2.61 | -6.78% | 33.98% | 125天 | 19.66% | 103天 | 0.009 | 9.65 | 13.27 |
四费:
年度 | 销售费用 | 占营收比例 | 管理费用 | 研发费用 | 研发费用占营收比例 | 财务费用 | 四费合计 | 毛利润 | 占毛利润的比例应<30%大于70%直接排除 |
2016 | 0.05 | 1.60% | 0.30 | 0.17 | 5.51% | 0.01 | 0.38 | 0.79 | 48.10% |
2017 | 0.07 | 2.16% | 0.28 | 0.14 | 4.54% | 0.02 | 0.38 | 0.84 | 45.23% |
2018 | 0.07 | 1.89% | 0.16 | 0.14 | 3.99% | 0.009 | 0.40 | 0.91 | 43.95% |
2019 | 0.12 | 2.54% | 0.20 | 0.15 | 3.21% | 0.01 | 0.49 | 1.16 | 42.24% |
2020 | 0.11 | 1.77% | 0.21 | 0.23 | 3.70% | 0.01 | 0.58 | 1.33 | 43.60% |
2021 | 0.14 | 1.66% | 0.26 | 0.21 | 2.60% | 0.001 | 0.63 | 1.35 | 46.66% |
2022 | 0.11 | 1.43% | 0.24 | 0.23 | 2.99% | 0.004 | 0.59 | 1.07 | 55.14% |
员工及薪酬:
年度 | 员工数 | 薪酬总额(亿元) | 平均年薪(万) | 人均营收(万) | 人均归母净利润(万) | 生产人员 | 销售人员 | 研发技术人员 | 无形资产 | 商誉<净资产的10% |
2016 | 320 | 0.2288 | 7.15 | 97.50 | 11.25 | 209 | 12 | 68 | 0.30 | 0.006< |
2017 | 384 | 0.3369 | 8.77 | 84.37 | 10.15 | 258 | 15 | 78 | 0.45 | 0.006< |
2018 | 367 | 0.3485 | 9.49 | 100.81 | 11.98 | 235 | 16 | 80 | 0.45 | 0.006< |
2019 | 412 | 0.4258 | 10.33 | 114.32 | 12.86 | 273 | 17 | 85 | 0.44 | 0.006< |
2020 | 492 | 0.5386 | 10.94 | 126.21 | 12.39 | 336 | 20 | 99 | 0.43 | 0.006< |
2021 | 546 | 0.6947 | 12.72 | 153.66 | 12.63 | 385 | 22 | 98 | 0.42 | 0.006< |
2022 | 560 | 0.7671 | 13.69 | 137.14 | 7.67 | 389 | 17 | 101 | 0.40 | 0.006< |
现金流量表:
年度 | 销售收现>营收(真钱) | 营收 | 经现流净额累计>归母净利润是印钞机 | 归母净利润 | 投现流净额 | 筹现流净额 | 吸收投资 | 借款 |
2016 | 2.81 | 3.12 | 0.32 | 0.36 | -0.40 | 1.32 | 1.768 | 0.60 |
2017 | 2.78 | 3.24 | 0.03 | 0.39 | -0.91 | 0.11 | 0 | 0.60 |
2018 | 4.03> | 3.70 | 0.41 | 0.44 | -0.41 | -0.30 | 0 | 0.40 |
2019 | 4.51 | 4.71 | 0.60> | 0.53 | -0.50 | -0.20 | 0 | 0.30 |
2020 | 6.18 | 6.21 | 0.51 | 0.61 | -2.66 | 2.84 | 3.33 | 0.10 |
2021 | 8.85> | 8.39 | 0.87 | 0.69 | -0.60 | -0.39 | 0 | 0 |
2022 | 7.96> | 7.68 | 0.49> | 0.43 | -1.24 | 0.009 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
自由现金流:
| 经现流净额 | 资本开支(含扩建) | ≈自由现金流 | 财报披露的自由现金流 | 现金类净增加额>归母净利润 | 折旧摊销>资本开支说明维持盈利能力不需要大量资本支出 |
2016 | 0.32 | 0.40 | --- | | 1.24 | 0.17 |
2017 | 0.03 | 0.91 | --- | | -0.77 | 0.26 |
2018 | 0.41 | 0.41 | --- | | -0.30 | 0.28 |
2019 | 0.60 | 0.50 | 0.10 | | -0.10 | 0.30 |
2020 | 0.51 | 1.20 | --- | | 0.69 | 0.32 |
2021 | 0.87 | 0.91 | --- | | -0.12 | 0.39 |
2022 | 0.49 | 0.43 | 0.06 | | -0.73 | 0.44> |
增长率一致吗?
| 总收入增长率 | 销售收到的现金增长率 | 营业成本增长率 | 毛利润增长率 | 归母净利润增长率 | 应收账款增长率 | 存货增长率 | 销售费用增长率 | 管理费用增长率 |
2016 | 18.50% | 20.08% | 19.08% | 17.91% | 10.82% | 26.70% | 16.41% | 36.59% | 34.87% |
2017 | 3.83% | -1.06% | 3.00% | 6.32% | 10.45% | 17.32% | 84.78% | 29.33% | -9.21% |
2018 | 14.12% | 44.96% | 16.51% | 8.33% | 11.01% | 4.69% | 3.52% | 4.44% | 24.75% |
2019 | 27.32% | 11.91% | 27.08% | 27.47% | 21.53% | 19.23% | 19.31% | 56.19% | 22.77% |
2020 | 31.86% | 37.02% | 37.42% | 14.65% | 15.29% | 30.64% | -4.76% | -3.98% | 6.97% |
2021 | 35.10% | 43.20% | 44.26% | 1.50% | 12.70% | 15.22% | 46.00% | 24.45% | 22.24% |
2022 | -8.49% | -10.0% | -6.10% | -20.7% | -38.02% | -6.78% | 27.39% | -25.9% | -8.45% |
今天就学习到这里。