新概念英语第二册Lesson35 学习笔记
核心词汇+词根
核心词汇均来自本课原文,结合词根词缀帮助理解记忆,补充常用搭配、例句及课文原句,贴合语境,便于掌握和运用,同时区分易混词,适配Lesson35课文场景(侧重“购物、商品、价格、交易”相关)。
- shop (n. / v.) 商店(n.);购物(v.)
词根:shop(本身为词根,表“商店、购物”),源自古英语scoppa(棚屋、商店),后引申为“去商店购物”
搭配:go shopping 去购物;a clothes shop 服装店;shop assistant 店员;in the shop 在商店里
课文原句:I go shopping with my mother every weekend and buy many things.
- price (n.) 价格,价钱(本课核心词汇,侧重购物场景价格询问与描述)
词根:price(本身为词根,表“价格、价值”),源自古法语pris(价格、价值)
搭配:the price of ……的价格;low price 低价;high price 高价;at a good price 以合理的价格
课文原句:What is the price of this shirt? It is fifty yuan.(这件衬衫的价格是多少?50元钱。)
词根:cheap(本身为词根,表“便宜的”),源自古英语ceap(交易、廉价)
搭配:cheap goods 便宜的商品;very cheap 非常便宜;not cheap 不便宜;cheaper than 比……便宜
课文原句:This pair of shoes is cheap and I want to buy it.
- expensive (adj.) 昂贵的,贵的(cheap的反义词)
词根:ex-(前缀,表“超出”)+ pens(词根,表“花费”)+ ive(形容词后缀),合起来即“花费超出预期的”→ 昂贵的
搭配:expensive clothes 昂贵的衣服;too expensive 太贵;more expensive than 比……更贵
课文原句:That watch is too expensive and I can’t afford it.
- buy (v.) 买,购买(本课侧重购物场景的“购买”动作)
词根:buy(本身为词根,表“买、购买”),源自古英语bycgan(买、获得)
搭配:buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物;buy sth. from 从……买某物;buy a lot of things 买很多东西
课文原句:She buys a new dress from the shop every month.
- afford (v.) 买得起,负担得起(本课侧重购物场景中“支付能力”)
词根:af-(前缀,表“加强”)+ ford(词根,表“通过、支付”),合起来即“有能力支付”→ 买得起
搭配:afford sth. 买得起某物;can’t afford 买不起;afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事
课文原句:He can’t afford that expensive watch, so he buys a cheap one.
核心语法
本课核心语法为 一般现在时表购物场景(综合运用)及形容词比较级(cheap/expensive),结合课文中“购物、价格询问、商品比较”的场景,重点讲解一般现在时在购物场景的句式运用、cheap与expensive的比较级用法及易混点,衔接前期时态和比较级知识,提升购物场景的表达准确性。
- 核心含义:用一般现在时描述“经常性的购物动作”(如每周去购物、每月买衣服)、“购物习惯”(如喜欢买便宜的商品)或“购物场景中的固定表达”(如价格询问、购买意愿),因购物习惯多为习惯性、规律性的动作,故用一般现在时,常用频率副词(every weekend、every month、often)辅助表达。
- 主语 + go(es) shopping + with sb. + 时间状语.(表示“某人经常和某人一起去购物”)
例:I go shopping with my sister every Saturday.(我每个周六和我妹妹一起去购物。);She goes shopping with her mother every weekend.(她每个周末和她妈妈一起去购物。)
- 主语 + buy(s) + sth. + from + 地点.(表示“某人从某地买某物”)
例:He buys clothes from that shop.(他从那家商店买衣服。);We buy fruits from the supermarket.(我们从超市买水果。)
- — What is the price of + 物品? — It is + 价格.(询问物品价格及回答,固定句式)
例:— What is the price of this book?(这本书的价格是多少?)— It is twenty yuan.(20元钱。)
- 注意:主语为第三人称单数时,go→goes、buy→buys,频率副词(often、usually)放在动词之前、be动词之后;price为单数,回答时用It is + 价格。
- 形容词比较级(cheap/expensive)(本课难点)
- 核心含义:用于比较两个物品的价格高低,贴合本课购物场景中“商品价格对比”的需求,重点掌握cheap(单音节词)和expensive(多音节词)的比较级变化规则及用法。
- cheap(单音节形容词):比较级直接加-er → cheaper(更便宜的)
基本句式:A is cheaper than B.(A比B便宜。)
例:This pen is cheaper than that one.(这支钢笔比那支便宜。)
- expensive(多音节形容词):比较级加more → more expensive(更昂贵的)
基本句式:A is more expensive than B.(A比B更昂贵。)
例:That dress is more expensive than this one.(那条裙子比这条更昂贵。)
- 否定表达:A is not cheaper than B.(A不比B便宜。);A is not more expensive than B.(A不比B更昂贵。)
- 注意:单音节形容词(如cheap、small、big)直接加-er,多音节形容词(如expensive、beautiful、comfortable)加more;比较级后必须接than,than后面接比较的对象(如that one、this dress)。
- 易混点:buy sth. from sb. 与 sell sth. to sb. 的区别
两者均与“交易”相关,核心区别在于动作的主体和方向,互为相反动作:
① buy sth. from sb.:主语是“买家”,表示“从某人/某地买某物”(如I buy a pen from the shop. 我从商店买一支钢笔。);
② sell sth. to sb.:主语是“卖家”,表示“把某物卖给某人”(如The shop sells pens to students. 商店把钢笔卖给学生。);
本课侧重买家的“购买”动作,多用buy sth. from sth.。
核心句型
核心句型均来自本课原文,标注句型结构、用法及含义,补充仿写例句,结合一般现在时购物场景运用和形容词比较级用法,帮助灵活运用,贴合课文“购物、价格询问、商品比较”场景。
- 句型1:主语 + go(es) shopping + with sb. + every weekend/month.(表示“某人经常和某人一起去购物”)
课文原句:I go shopping with my mother every weekend.(我每个周末和我妈妈一起去购物。)
仿写:She goes shopping with her friend every month.(她每个月和她朋友一起去购物。)
- 句型2:— What is the price of + 物品? — It is + 价格.(询问物品价格及回答)
课文原句:— What is the price of this shirt? — It is fifty yuan.(这件衬衫的价格是多少?50元钱。)
仿写:— What is the price of that book? — It is thirty yuan.(那本书的价格是多少?30元钱。)
- 句型3:主语 + buy(s) + sth. + from + 地点.(表示“某人从某地买某物”)
课文原句:He buys a new watch from that shop.(他从那家商店买了一块新手表。)
仿写:We buy fruits from the supermarket every week.(我们每个星期从超市买水果。)
- 句型4:A + is + cheaper/more expensive + than + B.(表示“A比B便宜/更昂贵”)
课文原句:This pair of shoes is cheaper than that one.(这双鞋比那双便宜。)
仿写:That coat is more expensive than this one.(那件外套比这件更昂贵。)
- 句型5:主语 + can/can’t + afford + sth.(表示“某人能/不能买得起某物”)
课文原句:She can’t afford that expensive dress.(她买不起那条昂贵的裙子。)
仿写:I can afford this cheap pen.(我买得起这支便宜的钢笔。)
重点知识
涵盖课文难点、固定搭配、易错点及语境解析,聚焦一般现在时购物场景运用和形容词比较级(cheap/expensive)用法,帮助全面掌握本课重点,规避常见错误,贴合Lesson35学习需求。
- go shopping 去购物;a clothes shop 服装店;shop assistant 店员;in the shop 在商店里
- the price of ……的价格;low price 低价;high price 高价;at a good price 以合理的价格
- cheap goods 便宜的商品;very cheap 非常便宜;cheaper than 比……便宜
- expensive clothes 昂贵的衣服;too expensive 太贵;more expensive than 比……更贵
- buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物;buy sth. from 从……买某物;buy a lot of things 买很多东西
- afford sth. 买得起某物;can’t afford 买不起;afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事
- 一般现在时在购物场景的运用:重点掌握go、buy的三单变化(go→goes、buy→buys),结合频率副词和时间状语判断时态,牢记价格询问的固定句式(What is the price of…?),避免句式错误。
- 形容词比较级的用法:牢记cheap(单音节)加-er、expensive(多音节)加more的变化规则,掌握“A is + 比较级 + than B”的基本句式,避免比较级变化错误(如expensive的比较级不用expensiver)。
- afford的用法:afford后面直接接名词(afford sth.),也可接to do sth.(afford to buy sth.),常用can/can’t修饰,贴合购物场景中“支付能力”的表达。
- 购物相关句式的灵活运用:掌握“去购物”“询问价格”“购买物品”“价格对比”“支付能力”的核心句式,结合语境选择合适的表达,确保句式完整、语法正确。
- 一般现在时三单错误:主语是三单时,go、buy未变三单(错误:She go shopping every weekend. 正确:She goes shopping every weekend.;错误:He buy a pen from the shop. 正确:He buys a pen from the shop.)。
- 形容词比较级错误:expensive的比较级误用er形式(错误:This dress is expensiver than that one. 正确:This dress is more expensive than that one.);比较级后遗漏than(错误:This pen is cheaper that one. 正确:This pen is cheaper than that one.)。
- afford用法错误:afford后接to do sth. 时遗漏to(错误:I can’t afford buy that watch. 正确:I can’t afford to buy that watch.);无can/can’t修饰(错误:I afford this pen. 正确:I can afford this pen.)。
- 句式错误:价格询问时遗漏the(错误:What is price of this shirt? 正确:What is the price of this shirt?);buy与sell搭配错误(错误:I sell a pen from the shop. 正确:I buy a pen from the shop.;错误:The shop buys books to students. 正确:The shop sells books to students.)。
5道例题+答案
例题围绕本课核心语法(一般现在时购物场景运用、形容词比较级)、核心词汇和句型设计,贴合课文难度,侧重基础巩固和易错点考查,帮助检验学习效果,适配Lesson35知识点。
例题1(词汇+一般现在时三单)
She ______ (go) shopping with her mother every weekend.(用go的适当形式填空)
A. go B. goes C. went D. will go
答案:B
解析:由every weekend可知,句子表经常性的购物动作,用一般现在时,主语she是第三人称单数,go的三单形式为goes,故选B。
例题2(语法:形容词比较级)
That dress is ______ (expensive) than this one.(用expensive的比较级填空)
答案:more expensive
解析:expensive是多音节形容词,比较级需加more,结合句式“A is + 比较级 + than B”,故填more expensive。
例题3(句型仿写)
根据例句仿写句子:
例句:— What is the price of this pen? — It is five yuan.(这支钢笔的价格是多少?5元钱。)
仿写:— What is the price of that book? — It ______ (be) twenty yuan.(那本书的价格是多少?20元钱。)
答案:is
解析:结合例句结构,询问价格的回答用“主语 + be + 价格”,主语it是单数,be动词用is,故填is。
例题4(易错点:三单、比较级、buy与sell搭配)
下列句子中,语法正确且符合语境的是( )
A. He buy a pen from the shop every day. B. This book is expensiver than that pen. C. What is the price of this book? D. The shop buys books to students.
答案:C
解析:A错误,主语he是三单,buy用buys,应改为He buys a pen from the shop every day.;B错误,expensive的比较级是more expensive,应改为This book is more expensive than that pen.;C正确,价格询问句式正确,符合语法;D错误,“卖某物给某人”用sell sth. to sb.,buy改为sell,应改为The shop sells books to students.。
例题5(综合运用)
用括号内动词/形容词的适当形式填空,使句子完整通顺。
- We ______ (go) shopping every weekend and we ______ (buy) a lot of cheap things.(一般现在时)
- She ______ (buy) a dress from that shop every month and she ______ (think) it is cheap.(一般现在时三单)
- This pen is ______ (cheap) than that one, but that book is ______ (expensive) than this pen.(比较级)
- — What ______ (be) the price of that pen?
— It ______ (be) ten yuan. I ______ (can) ______ (afford) it.(价格询问+afford用法)
答案:1. go; buy;2. buys; thinks;3. cheaper; more expensive;4. is; is; can; afford
解析:1. 主语we是非三单,go和buy用原形;2. 主语she是三单,buy用buys,think用thinks;3. cheap的比较级是cheaper,expensive的比较级是more expensive;4. 询问价格用is,回答用is;can后接afford原形,符合afford用法。