新概念三册学习笔记(第58课)

Lesson 58 A Spot of Bother（一点儿小麻烦）

课文原文：

1.The old lady was glad to be back at the block of flats where she lived.

老妇人回到了她居住的公寓楼，心里很高兴。

2.Her shopping had tired her and her basket had grown heavier with every step of the way home.

去商店买东西把她搞得筋疲力尽；在回家的路上，她每走一步，就感到手里的篮子又重了一点。

3.In the lift her thoughts were on lunch and a good rest; but when she got out at her own floor, both were forgotten in her sudden discovery that her front door was open.

她乘上电梯后，只想着午餐和好好休息一下。但她到自己的楼层走出电梯后，就把这两件事忘了个干净，因为她突然发现她家的大门开着。

4.She was thinking that she must reprimand her home help the next morning for such a monstrous piece of negligence, when she remembered that she had gone shopping after the home help had left and she knew that she had turned both keys in their locks.

她心想明天上午一定要好好训斥那个干家务的帮手，她竟如此疏忽大意。但突然记起来了，帮手是在她出去买东西之前走的，她还记得曾用了两把钥匙把大门锁上了。

5.She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open, yet following her regular practice she had shut them before going out.

她慢慢地走进前厅，立即发现所有的房门都敞开着，而她记得在出门买东西前，她按老规矩是把房门一一锁上的。

6.Looking into the drawing room, she saw a scene of confusion over by her writing desk.

她往起居室里看去，写字台边一片狼藉。

7.It was as clear as daylight then that burglars had forced an entry during her absence.

事情很清楚，在她外出时，窃贼曾闯进家门。

8.Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the thieves, but then she decided that at her age it might be more prudent to have someone with her, so she went to fetch the porter from his basement.

她第一个条件反射是到各个房间里搜寻一下窃贼，但转念一想，像她这个年纪，最好是找个人一起去。于是她到地下室去找看门的人。

9.By this time her legs were beginning to tremble, so she sat down and accepted a cup of very strong tea, while he telephoned the police.

这时，她两腿开始发抖，于是坐了下来，喝了一杯浓茶，与此同时，看门的人给警察打了电话。

10.Then, her composure regained, she was ready to set off with the porter's assistance to search for any intruders who might still be lurking in her flat.

此刻老妇人也镇定了下来，准备在看门人的协助下搜寻可能仍躲藏在她房里的窃贼。

11.They went through the rooms, being careful to touch nothing, as they did not want to hinder the police in their search for fingerprints.

他俩搜遍了每一个房间，小心翼翼地不接触任何东西，因为他们怕妨碍警察寻找指纹。

12.The chaos was inconceivable.

房间里的紊乱状况是无法想象的。

13.She had lived in the flat for thirty years and was a veritable magpie at hoarding; and it seemed as though everything she possessed had been tossed out and turned over and over.

老妇人在这套公寓里住了 30 年，她又是个名副其实的收藏家。看来她的每一件东西都被翻了出来，并且被里里外外翻了个遍。

14.At least sorting out the things she should have discarded years ago was now being made easier for her.

这样一来，她倒是容易将那些几年前就该扔掉的东西找出来了。

15.Then a police inspector arrived with a constable and she told them of her discovery of the ransacked flat.

过了一会儿，一位巡官带着一名警察来了。她向他们讲述了发现公寓遭劫的经过。

16.The inspector began to look for fingerprints, while the constable checked that the front door locks had not been forced, thereby proving that the burglars had either used skeleton keys or entered over the balcony.

巡官开始寻找指纹，而警察则检查了前门的锁没有被撬，由此证明窃贼要么使用了万能钥匙，要么是从阳台进来的。

17.There was no trace of fingerprints, but the inspector found a dirty red bundle that contained jewellery which the old lady said was not hers.

现场没有发现指纹，但巡官发现了一个脏兮兮的红色包裹，里面装着珠宝，老妇人说那不是她的。

18.So their entry into this flat was apparently not the burglars' first job that day and they must have been disturbed.

由此看来，闯入这套公寓显然不是窃贼当天的第一桩活儿，而且他们一定是被惊动了。

19.The inspector then asked the old lady to try to check what was missing, but the old lady said that she could not possibly do so, as everything was in such a mess.

巡官于是请老妇人核对一下丢了什么东西，但老妇人说她根本做不到，因为一切都乱成一团。

20.The inspector advised her not to touch anything and promised to send a few men round to help her tidy up the flat.

巡官劝她不要碰任何东西，并答应派几个人过来帮她整理公寓。

21.The old lady, who was too shocked to speak, nodded her head gratefully.

老妇人惊得说不出话来，感激地点了点头。

课文分析：

1.

英文：The old lady was glad to be back at the block of flats where she lived.

翻译：老妇人回到了她居住的公寓楼，心里很高兴。

1. 句子类型：复合句（主句 + 定语从句）
2. 核心结构：主系表 + 不定式状语 + 定语从句

\(The\ old\ lady(S) + was(系) + glad(表) + to\ be\ back...(状) + where\ 定语从句\)

1. 语法要点：
• be glad to do 不定式作原因 / 结果状语；
• where 引导限制性定语从句，修饰地点名词 the block of flats；
• 固定搭配：the block of       flats 公寓楼。
2. 释义：这位老妇人很高兴回到自己所居住的公寓楼。

2.

英文：Her shopping had tired her and her basket had grown heavier with every step of the way home.

翻译：采购让她疲惫不堪，回家路上每走一步，手里的篮子就越发沉重。

1. 句子类型：并列简单句（and 连接）
2. 核心结构：主谓宾 + and + 主系表 + 伴随状语
3. 语法要点：
• 过去完成时 had tired       /had grown，动作发生在全文过去动作之前；
• grow 为系动词，后接比较级 heavier；
• with every       step 介词短语作伴随状语。
4. 释义：外出购物使她十分劳累，在回家的路途上，她每前行一步，篮子就变得更沉。

3.

英文：In the lift her thoughts were on lunch and a good rest; but when she got out at her own floor, both were forgotten in her sudden discovery that her front door was open.

翻译：电梯里她一心想着午饭和好好休息，可当走到自家楼层，猛然发现大门敞开，这一切念头瞬间消失。

1. 句子类型：并列复合句（分号 + but 转折，含时间状语从句 + 同位语从句）
2. 核心结构：简单句 + but + 时间状语从句 + 主谓被动 + that 同位语从句
3. 语法要点：
• when 引导时间状语从句；
• both 代词，指代前文 lunch and a good rest；
• that 引导同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词 discovery；
• 被动语态 were       forgotten。
4. 释义：在电梯中，她满脑子想着午餐与小憩，但当她走出电梯到达自家楼层时，猛然发现前门敞开，两件心事瞬间被抛之脑后。

4.

英文：She was thinking that she must reprimand her home help the next morning for such a monstrous piece of negligence, when she remembered that she had gone shopping after the home help had left and she knew that she had turned both keys in their locks.

翻译：她正打算次日斥责佣人如此严重的疏忽，却突然想起佣人早已下班，自己出门前明明用两把钥匙锁好了门。

1. 句子类型：多层主从复合句
2. 核心结构：过去进行时主句 + 宾语从句 + when 并列句 + 多层宾语从句 + 时间状语从句
3. 语法要点：
• was       doing...when...经典句型：正在做…… 这时突然……；
• 连续三层 that 引导宾语从句；
• after 引导时间状语从句，嵌套过去完成时表先后顺序；
• 固定搭配：reprimand sb.       for sth. 因某事斥责某人。
4. 释义：她正盘算着第二天一早要斥责家政佣人这般极度疏忽，这时她想起佣人离开后自己才出门购物，且清楚记得已用两把钥匙锁死了门锁。

5.

英文：She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open, yet following her regular practice she had shut them before going out.

翻译：她缓步走进门厅，立刻发现所有房间门都敞开着，可按平日习惯，出门前她定会关好所有房门。

1. 句子类型：并列复合句
2. 核心结构：主谓 + and + 主谓 + 宾语从句 + yet 转折分句 + 分词状语
3. 语法要点：
• that 宾语从句作 notice 宾语；
• following her       regular practice 现在分词短语作方式状语；
• before going       out 介词 + 动名词作时间状语；
• yet 并列连词表转折。
4. 释义：她慢慢走进玄关，立刻注意到所有房间房门大开，然而按照她一贯的习惯，出门前一定会把房门全部关好。

6.

英文：Looking into the drawing room, she saw a scene of confusion over by her writing desk.

翻译：她朝客厅望去，只见写字台旁一片狼藉。

1. 句子类型：简单句（含分词作状语）
2. 核心结构：现在分词作伴随状语 + 主谓宾
3. 语法要点：
• Looking       into... 现在分词作伴随状语，逻辑主语为主句 she；
• 固定短语：a scene of       confusion 一片杂乱；drawing room 客厅、起居室。
4. 释义：她朝起居室里望去，看到写字桌旁一片凌乱不堪的景象。

7.

英文：It was as clear as daylight then that burglars had forced an entry during her absence.

翻译：此刻真相一目了然：窃贼趁她不在闯入了家中。

1. 句子类型：强调式复合句（it 形式主语 + 主语从句）
2. 核心结构：It + 系动词 + 表语 + that 真正主语从句
3. 语法要点：
• It is/was + 形容词 + that 从句形式主语结构；
• as clear as       daylight 同级比较，固定习语：一清二楚；
• force an entry      强行闯入；during her absence 介词短语作时间状语。
4. 释义：此刻事情已经一目了然，窃贼在她外出期间破门而入。

8.

英文：Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the thieves, but then she decided that at her age it might be more prudent to have someone with her, so she went to fetch the porter from his basement.

翻译：她第一反应是挨个房间搜寻小偷，但转念一想，年事已高，有人陪同会更稳妥，于是她下楼去找地下室的门卫。

1. 句子类型：并列复合句（but/so 双重并列 + 宾语从句 + 形式主语）
2. 核心结构：主系表（不定式作表语）+ 分词状语 + but + 主谓 + 宾语从句 + so + 主谓宾
3. 语法要点：
• to go round 不定式作表语；looking for 现在分词作目的状语；
• that 宾语从句内嵌it be + adj. + to do形式主语；
• prudent 正式书面词汇：谨慎的；fetch sb. 去找 / 接某人。
4. 释义：她的第一反应是走遍各个房间搜寻窃贼，但随后她考虑到自己年纪大了，有人陪同会更加谨慎，于是前往地下室去找管理员。

9.

英文：By this time her legs were beginning to tremble, so she sat down and accepted a cup of very strong tea, while he telephoned the police.

翻译：这时她双腿开始发抖，便坐下喝了一杯浓茶，与此同时门卫拨通了报警电话。

1. 句子类型：并列复合句（so 结果状语 + while 时间状语从句）
2. 核心结构：主谓 + so 结果并列句 + while 同步时间状语从句
3. 语法要点：
• begin to do 开始做某事；
• while 引导同步时间状语从句，表两件动作同时发生；
• strong tea 浓茶（固定表达）。
4. 释义：此时此刻她的双腿开始颤抖，于是她坐了下来，接过一杯浓茶，管理员则在这时联系了警方。

10.

英文：Then, her composure regained, she was ready to set off with the porter's assistance to search for any intruders who might still be lurking in her flat.

翻译：情绪平复后，她在门卫的协助下，准备搜查屋内可能还在躲藏的入侵者。

1. 句子类型：复合句（独立主格 + 定语从句）
2. 核心结构：独立主格结构 + 主系表 + 目的状语 + who 定语从句
3. 语法要点：
• her composure       regained 名词 + 过去分词独立主格，表时间 / 条件；
• be ready to do      固定结构；with one’s assistance 介词短语作方式状语；
• who 限制性定语从句，修饰 intruders；lurk 潜伏、躲藏。
4. 释义：随后她恢复了镇定，准备在管理员的帮助下，搜查可能仍藏匿在公寓里的不法闯入者。

11.

英文：They went through the rooms, being careful to touch nothing, as they did not want to hinder the police in their search for fingerprints.

翻译：两人走遍各个房间，全程小心不触碰任何物品，以免影响警方采集指纹。

1. 句子类型：复合句（分词状语 + 原因状语从句）
2. 核心结构：主谓宾 + 现在分词作伴随状语 + as 原因状语从句
3. 语法要点：
• being       careful... 现在分词短语作伴随状语；
• as 引导原因状语从句，语气委婉；
• hinder sb. in       sth. 妨碍某人做某事；search for 搜寻。
4. 释义：二人逐一检查所有房间，小心翼翼不触碰任何物品，因为他们不想妨碍警方搜集指纹证据。

12.

英文：The chaos was inconceivable.

翻译：屋内凌乱程度令人难以想象。

1. 句子类型：简单句（主系表）
2. 核心结构：主语 + 系动词 + 形容词表语
3. 语法要点：
• 抽象名词 chaos 作主语；
• inconceivable 否定前缀 in- 形容词作表语，高级书面用词。
4. 释义：房间里的混乱景象简直无法想象。

13.

英文：She had lived in the flat for thirty years and was a veritable magpie at hoarding; and it seemed as though everything she possessed had been tossed out and turned over and over.

翻译：她在这套公寓住了三十年，素来爱囤积杂物；家中所有物品都被翻出、肆意翻动。

1. 句子类型：并列复合句（分号连接 + 表语从句 + 定语从句 + 被动）
2. 核心结构：并列主谓 + it seem as      though 表语从句 + 定语从句 + 被动语态
3. 语法要点：
• 过去完成时 had lived 强调动作延续；
• as though /as       if 引导表语从句；
• she possessed 省略关系代词的定语从句修饰 everything；
• 被动 had been       tossed out 表被动遭受动作。
4. 释义：她在这间公寓居住了三十年，是个十足的收藏囤积爱好者，而眼下她所有的物品似乎都被扔了出来，被反复翻乱。

14.

英文：At least sorting out the things she should have discarded years ago was now being made easier for her.

翻译：但至少，那些多年前就该扔掉的杂物，反倒借此机会容易整理了。

1. 句子类型：复合句（动名词作主语 + 定语从句 + 被动）
2. 核心结构：动名词短语作主语 + 被动谓语 + 定语从句
3. 语法要点：
• sorting out...      动名词短语作句子主语；
• should have       done虚拟语气：本应该做却没做；
• 过去进行时被动 was being       made。
4. 释义：至少对她而言，整理那些多年前就该丢弃的旧物，如今反倒变得容易了许多。

15.

英文：Then a police inspector arrived with a constable and she told them of her discovery of the ransacked flat.

翻译：不久，一位巡官带着警员赶到，她向二人讲述了家中遭洗劫的经过。

1. 句子类型：并列简单句
2. 核心结构：主谓 + 伴随状语 + and + 主谓双宾结构
3. 语法要点：
• with a       constable 介词短语作伴随状语；
• tell sb. of       sth. 固定搭配：向某人讲述某事；
• ransacked 过去分词作定语：被洗劫的。
4. 释义：之后一名巡官和一名警员抵达现场，她向他们诉说了自己发现公寓遭到洗劫的经过。

16.

英文：The inspector began to look for fingerprints, while the constable checked that the front door locks had not been forced, thereby proving that the burglars had either used skeleton keys or entered over the balcony.

翻译：巡官开始勘查指纹，警员则检查门锁无撬痕，由此断定窃贼要么使用万能钥匙，要么从阳台潜入。

1. 句子类型：长难句复合句（while 状语从句 + 多层宾语从句 + 分词结果状语）
2. 核心结构：主谓宾 + while 时间状语从句 + that 宾语从句 + 分词结果状语 + that 宾语从句
3. 语法要点：
• while 对比 / 同步状语从句；
• thereby       proving 现在分词作结果状语；
• either...or...      并列选择结构；
• 被动 had not been       forced 被动完成时。
4. 释义：巡官开始搜寻指纹，警员则检查确认前门锁具没有被暴力撬坏，这一证据进而证明窃贼要么使用了万能钥匙，要么翻越阳台入室。

17.

英文：There was no trace of fingerprints, but the inspector found a dirty red bundle that contained jewellery which the old lady said was not hers.

翻译：现场没有留下任何指纹，但巡官发现一个破旧红布包，里面装有首饰，老妇人表示并非自己所有。

1. 句子类型：并列复合句（双重定语从句嵌套）
2. 核心结构：there be 句型 + but 并列句 + that 定语从句 + which 嵌套定语从句
3. 语法要点：
• there be 存在句型；
• that 修饰 bundle，which 嵌套修饰 jewellery；
• 插入语 the old lady       said 割裂定语从句。
4. 释义：现场没有留下任何指纹痕迹，但巡官找到了一个脏兮兮的红色包裹，里面装有首饰，据老妇人辨认，这些首饰并非她的物品。

18.

英文：So their entry into this flat was apparently not the burglars' first job that day and they must have been disturbed.

翻译：由此可见，这间公寓并非窃贼当日首个作案目标，且他们作案时大概率被人惊扰。

1. 句子类型：并列简单句
2. 核心结构：主系表 + and + 主谓
3. 语法要点：
• 名词短语 their entry       into... 作主语；
• must have done情态动词推测：过去一定做了 / 遭遇了；
• apparently 副词作评注性状语。
4. 释义：显而易见，闯入这套公寓并不是窃贼当天的第一起作案，而且他们当时一定受到了惊扰。

19.

英文：The inspector then asked the old lady to try to check what was missing, but the old lady said that she could not possibly do so, as everything was in such a mess.

翻译：巡官随即让老妇人清点丢失物品，可老人表示屋内一片狼藉，根本无法核对。

1. 句子类型：并列复合句（宾语从句 + 原因状语从句）
2. 核心结构：ask 复合宾语结构 + but 并列句 + that 宾语从句 + as 原因状语从句
3. 语法要点：
• ask sb. to do       sth. 不定式作宾补；
• what 引导宾语从句作 check 宾语；
• as 引导原因状语从句表客观原因。
4. 释义：随后巡官要求老妇人试着核对丢失物品，但老妇人表示完全无法做到，因为所有东西都杂乱不堪。

20.

英文：The inspector advised her not to touch anything and promised to send a few men round to help her tidy up the flat.

翻译：巡官叮嘱她切勿触碰物品，并承诺派人前来帮忙整理屋子。

1. 句子类型：简单句（双谓语）
2. 核心结构：主谓宾（宾补）+ and + 主谓宾（不定式宾语）
3. 语法要点：
• advise sb. not       to do 不定式否定作宾补；
• promise to do 不定式作宾语；
• tidy up 固定短语：收拾、整理。
4. 释义：巡官建议她不要触碰任何物品，并承诺会派遣人员上门，协助她整理凌乱的公寓。

21.

英文：The old lady, who was too shocked to speak, nodded her head gratefully.

翻译：老妇人惊悸难言，满怀感激地点了点头。

1. 句子类型：复合句（非限制性定语从句）
2. 核心结构：主语 + who 非限制性定语从句 + 主谓宾
3. 语法要点：
• who 引导非限制性定语从句，补充修饰主语；
• too...to... 经典结构：太…… 而不能……；
• gratefully 副词作方式状语修饰动词。
4. 释义：这位老妇人因过度震惊而说不出话，只是满怀感激地点了点头。

词汇分析：

一、核心词汇

1. flat /flæt/n. 公寓（英式）；adj. 平坦的

语境：the block of flats 公寓大楼，新概念高频英式住宅表达

1. reprimand /ˈreprɪmɑːnd/vt. 训斥，斥责（正式书面）

核心语境：因疏忽、失职严肃批评，替代简单词 scold

1. negligence /ˈneɡlɪdʒəns/n. 疏忽，玩忽职守

衍生：negligent adj. 疏忽大意的

1. confusion /kənˈfjuːʒn/n. 混乱，杂乱；困惑
2. burglar /ˈbɜːɡlə(r)/n. 入室窃贼

区分：thief 通用小偷 /robber 抢劫犯 /burglar 入室盗窃者

1. prudent /ˈpruːdnt/adj. 谨慎的，稳妥的（高级写作词）
2. tremble /ˈtrembl/vi. 颤抖，发抖（因恐惧、虚弱）
3. composure /kəmˈpəʊʒə(r)/n. 镇定，沉着，冷静
4. intruder /ɪnˈtruːdə(r)/n. 闯入者，非法侵入者
5. lurk /lɜːk/vi. 潜伏，暗藏，偷偷躲藏
6. hinder /ˈhɪndə(r)/vt. 阻碍，妨碍
7. chaos /ˈkeɪɒs/n. 混乱，无序（不可数抽象名词）
8. inconceivable /ˌɪnkənˈsiːvəbl/adj. 难以置信的，无法想象的
9. veritable /ˈverɪtəbl/adj. 名副其实的，不折不扣的（修饰加强语气）
10. hoard /hɔːd/v. 囤积，积攒；n. 囤积物
11. discard /dɪˈskɑːd/vt. 丢弃，抛弃（正式，比 throw away 高级）
12. ransack /ˈrænsæk/vt. 洗劫，四处翻乱搜刮
13. constable /ˈkʌnstəbl/n. 警员，治安官（英式）
14. trace /treɪs/n. 痕迹，踪迹；vt. 追踪
15. apparently /əˈpærəntli/adv. 显然，表面上看
16. grateful /ˈɡreɪtfl/adj. 感激的，感谢的

二、课文高级固定搭配

1. a spot of      bother

释义：一点儿小麻烦、一桩烦心事（本课标题核心习语）

1. a monstrous      piece of negligence

释义：极其严重的疏忽

亮点：monstrous 强化负面程度，piece of 抽象名词量化，书面高级表达

1. force an entry

释义：强行闯入、破门而入（法律 / 书面正式用语）

1. at one’s age

释义：以某人的年纪、到了某人这个岁数

1. set off

释义：出发，动身；开始行动

1. with sb’s      assistance

释义：在某人的协助之下（替换简单表达 with one’s help）

1. a scene of      confusion

释义：一片狼藉、混乱不堪的景象

1. regain one’s      composure

释义：恢复镇定、平复情绪（情绪类写作高分搭配）

1. hinder sb. in      sth.

释义：妨碍某人做某事

1. turn over and      over

释义：翻来覆去、反复翻动

1. tell sb. of      sth.

释义：向某人讲述 / 告知某事

1. skeleton keys

释义：万能钥匙

1. in such a mess

释义：一片狼藉、杂乱无章

1. tidy up

释义：收拾整理，打扫规整

三、拓展高频搭配

1. negligence 延伸

• gross      negligence重大过失
• due diligence审慎尽责（反义高频）
• be guilty of      negligence犯有疏忽过失

2. composure 情绪类

• lose one’s      composure情绪失控，慌乱失态
• keep/maintain      one’s composure保持冷静
• complete      composure泰然自若

3. prudent 行为类

• prudent      decision审慎的决定
• prudent      financial management稳健理财
• it is prudent      to do sth.做某事是明智稳妥的（雅思大作文万能句型）

4. hinder 阻碍类（写作高频替换）

• hinder the      development of…阻碍…… 发展
• impede /      obstruct / hamper同义高级替换（写作升级）
• hinder sb. from      doing sth.阻碍某人做某事

5. discard 生活 & 社会类

• discard old      beliefs摒弃旧观念
• discard waste丢弃废弃物
• discard      unnecessary items舍弃无用物品

6. entry 闯入 / 进入

• unauthorized      entry擅自闯入，非法进入
• gain entry to…进入……
• entry permit准入许可

7. hoard 囤积

• hoard      food/resources囤积食物 / 资源
• hoard wealth敛财

8. trace 痕迹

• without a trace无影无踪
• trace evidence痕迹证据
• leave no trace不留痕迹

9. 程度高级修饰搭配（全文通用加分）

• as clear as      daylight一清二楚，显而易见（比喻习语）
• too shocked to      speak震惊到说不出话
• there is no      trace of…毫无…… 痕迹

四、重点搭配深度解析

1. was doing …      when …

课文原句核心结构：过去进行时 + when

含义：正在做某事，这时突然发生另一件事

仿写：I was reading when a strange noise came.

适用：故事类记叙文万能句式

1. it is + adj. +      to do

课文：it might be more prudent to have someone with her

解析：it 形式主语，真正主语为后置不定式

雅思写作迁移：

It is more prudent to balance work and rest.

1. should have      done

原句：things she should have discarded years ago

语法：虚拟语气 → 本应该做却没有做

情感：暗含惋惜、批评语气

1. thereby doing 结果状语

原句：thereby proving that…

解析：现在分词表自然而然的结果，长难句高分结构

写作万能：

Online learning saves time, thereby improving efficiency.

1. either…or…并列选择结构

用法：连接名词、动词、从句，书面衔接利器

例句：He either stays at home or goes out alone.

长难句：

长难句 1

原句

She was thinking that she must reprimand her home help the next morning for such a monstrous piece of negligence, when she remembered that she had gone shopping after the home help had left and she knew that she had turned both keys in their locks.

一、语法结构拆解

1. 主干：She was thinking… , when she remembered…
2. 核心句型：过去进行时 + when 并列句

was doing…when… 经典句式：正在做……，突然……

1. 多层从句嵌套：

• ① that 宾语从句（作 think 宾语）
• ② that 宾语从句（作 remember 宾语）
• 内嵌 after 引导时间状语从句
• ③ and 并列分句 + 第三个 that 宾语从句（作 knew 宾语）

1. 时态逻辑：

• was thinking 过去进行（背景动作）
• had gone / had left / had turned 过去完成时

→ 动作都发生在 “remembered” 这个过去动作之前

二、重点语法点

1. reprimand sb. for sth. 因某事斥责某人
2. 连续三层 that 宾语从句，是典型多层主从复合句
3. after 引导从句，用来区分两个过去动作的先后

三、易错 & 必注意

1. 不要混淆：when 此处不是 “当… 时候”，而是突然；
2. 过去完成时不能乱删：多个过去动作，先发生的必须用 had done；
3. 长句断句逻辑：逗号拆分前后两大分句，再拆解内部小从句。

长难句 2

原句

In the lift her thoughts were on lunch and a good rest; but when she got out at her own floor, both were forgotten in her sudden discovery that her front door was open.

一、语法结构拆解

1. 整体：并列复合句

分号 + but 连接前后转折

1. 从句分层：

• when 引导时间状语从句（when she got out…）
• that 引导同位语从句（修饰抽象名词 discovery）

1. 核心结构：

both were forgotten （both 指代前文 lunch and a good rest，代词替代）

二、重点语法点

1. 同位语从句：

抽象名词（discovery /fact/news /idea）+ that 从句

→ that 只起连接，不充当句子成分，无含义

1. 被动语态：were forgotten 弱化动作发出者，书面正式
2. 介词短语作状语：In the lift /in her sudden discovery

三、易错 & 必注意

1. 区分：

定语从句 = that 要做成分

同位语从句 = that 不做成分，只解释内容

1. both 指代前文并列名词，阅读中代词指代必须找准；
2. 长句中抽象名词 + 同位语从句，是新三、雅思写作高频高级结构。

长难句 3

原句

Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the thieves, but then she decided that at her age it might be more prudent to have someone with her, so she went to fetch the porter from his basement.

一、语法结构拆解

1. 三重并列：but 转折 + so 结果，连环并列句
2. 非谓语：

looking for the thieves 现在分词短语 → 伴随 / 目的状语

1. 嵌套从句：

decided + that 宾语从句

1. 从句核心骨架：

it might be more prudent to do sth

it 为形式主语，真正主语：to have someone with her

二、重点语法点

1. 不定式用法：

was to go… 不定式作表语

1. 形式主语固定句型：

It is + 形容词 + to do sth.

1. at her age 介词短语作插入状语，割裂句子，增加阅读难度

三、易错 & 必注意

1. 现在分词 looking 逻辑主语 = 主句主语 she，逻辑一致，无悬垂错误；
2. 看到 it + adj + to do 立刻识别形式主语，不要翻译 it；
3. 多连词（but/so）共存时，理清：转折→结果的逻辑链。

长难句 4

原句

The inspector began to look for fingerprints, while the constable checked that the front door locks had not been forced, thereby proving that the burglars had either used skeleton keys or entered over the balcony.

一、语法结构拆解

1. 从句引导词：

while 引导对比 / 同步状语从句（一边… 一边…）

1. 多层从句：

• check + that 宾语从句
• proving + that 宾语从句

1. 高分非谓语结构：

thereby proving… 现在分词 → 结果状语

1. 并列结构：

either used… or entered… 并列谓语

二、重点语法点

1. 完成被动语态：had not been forced 过去完成被动
2. thereby doing ：书面高级结果表达，替换简单 so
3. either…or… 就近 / 并列一致原则

三、易错 & 必注意

1. while 此处表对比，不译 “当”；
2. thereby 后必须接现在分词，不能接原形 / 从句；
3. 被动语态 + 完成时叠加，是语法难点，阅读需逐层剥离。

长难句 5

原句

She had lived in the flat for thirty years and was a veritable magpie at hoarding; and it seemed as though everything she possessed had been tossed out and turned over and over.

一、语法结构拆解

1. 并列谓语：

had lived… and (had) was… 共用主语 she

1. 表语从句：

it seemed as though…好像 / 似乎……

1. 省略关系代词定语从句：

everything (that) she possessed

→ that 作宾语，可省略

1. 被动语态：

had been tossed out and (had been) turned over

二、重点语法点

1. as though /as if 引导表语从句，可接虚拟 / 陈述语气
2. 定语从句省略 that 是高频隐形考点
3. 过去完成时被动，强调 “过去被反复翻动” 的状态

三、易错 & 必注意

1. 定语从句省略关系代词容易看不出来，导致句子拆分错误；
2. as though 从句常考虚拟语气，本句为陈述事实；
3. 并列被动动词共用助动词，属于英文精简写法。

句型：

句式 1

课文原句

It was as clear as daylight then that burglars had forced an entry during her absence.

句型框架

It is as clear as daylight that + 完整陈述句

套用替换

1. 时态互换：was ↔ is
2. 替换从句主语与行为事件，通用万能议论文

仿写例句

It is as clear as daylight that bad habits exert a negative impact on personal growth.

例句翻译

显而易见，坏习惯会对个人成长产生负面影响。

句式 2

课文原句

She was thinking that she must take action, when she suddenly realized the truth.

修正原句（课文原版）：

课文原句

She was thinking that she must reprimand her home help the next morning, when she remembered the truth.

句型框架

Sb. was doing sth. when + 突发转折短句

套用替换

1. was doing 更换进行时动作
2. when 后替换醒悟 / 发现 / 变故类动词

仿写例句

We were focusing on short-term benefits when we ignored long-term development.

例句翻译

我们只顾追求短期利益，却忽略了长远发展。

句式 3

课文原句

It might be more prudent to have someone with her in such a dangerous situation.

课文原版：

课文原句

It might be more prudent to have someone with her.

句型框架

It might be more prudent to do sth.

套用替换

prudent 可替换：reasonable /advisable/necessary

不定式自由替换各类行为动作

仿写例句

It might be more prudent to strike a balance between study and relaxation.

例句翻译

在学习与放松之间保持平衡或许是更为明智的做法。

句式 4

课文原句

There was no trace of fingerprints, but unexpected items were found in the room.

课文原版：

课文原句

There was no trace of fingerprints, but the inspector found a dirty red bundle.

句型框架

There is no trace of A, but B comes into view.

套用替换

1. A 替换：problems /risks/drawbacks
2. B 替换：opportunities /challenges/hidden issues

仿写例句

There is no trace of obvious pressure, but potential risks still exist in society.

例句翻译

表面看不到明显的压力，但社会中依然存在潜在风险。

句式 5

课文原句

Everything she possessed had been tossed out and turned over and over.

句型框架

Everything (that) sb. owns has been greatly affected / changed.

套用替换

1. she possessed →      we own / people have
2. 被动结构通用：has been + 过去分词

仿写例句

Everything we value has been greatly influenced by rapid technological progress.

例句翻译

我们所珍视的一切，都深受科技飞速发展的影响。