新概念英语第一册Lesson 141
一、核心知识点
1. 数词-名词单数-形容词
- four-year-old 四岁的
- five-meter-long 五米长的
2. 名词-形容词 / 动词过去分词
- middle-aged 中年的
- hand-painted 手绘的
- man-made 人造的
3. 被动语态 be done
- was invited 被邀请
- was written 被写
- 结构：be + 过去分词
4. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
5. by + 交通工具
- by train 乘火车
- by plane 乘飞机
- by bike 骑自行车
6. take sth. with sb. 随身携带某物
7. begin to do sth. 开始做某事
8. make up 化妆（动词）
make-up 化妆品（名词）
9. put away 把……收好
- put away sth. = put sth. away
10. make sb. + adj. 使某人……
- make myself beautiful 使我自己变美
11. to do sth. 为了做某事（表目的）
- to make myself beautiful 使我自己变美
12. excited / exciting 用法
- -ed 修饰人：excited 感到激动的
- -ing 修饰物：exciting 令人激动的
- The exciting news made us excited.
13. ago / before 区别
- ago 用于一般过去时：five years ago 五年前
- before 常用于完成时
14. opposite 用法
- prep. 在……对面
- sit opposite sb. 坐在某人对面
二、练习
（一）根据中文写单词
1. 化妆盒，带镜粉盒 ________
2. 好奇的 ________
3. 香粉 ________
4. 尴尬的 ________
5. 中年的 ________
6. 和蔼的，慈祥的 ________
7. 可笑的 ________
8. 在……对面 ________
9. 丑陋的 ________
10. 登上（车、船） ________
（二）翻译句子
1. Sally 非常激动，因为她从未乘过火车。
________________________________________
2. The lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large funny hat.
________________________________________
3. Sally 感到很有趣，而我却很尴尬。
________________________________________
（三）圈出正确答案
1. Tom felt very ____ when everyone laughed at his question.
A. encouraged B. curious
C. embarrassed D. funny
2. She sat ____ Sally.
A. opposite B. next C. opposite to D. two
3. Sally looked ____ her ____.
A. up, curiously B. at, curiously
C. up, curiously D. at, curious
4. Suddenly a ____ lady came into our compartment.
A. middle age B. middle-age
C. middle aged D. middle-aged
5. She got ____ at the ____ news.
A. excited, excited B. excited, exciting
C. exciting, excited D. excited, exciting
三、答案
（一）单词答案
1. compact
2. curious
3. powder
4. embarrassed
5. middle-aged
6. kindly
7. funny
8. opposite
9. ugly
10. get on
（二）句子翻译答案
1. Sally was very excited because she had never traveled on a train before.
2. 那位女士穿着一件蓝色的外套，戴着一顶又大又可笑的帽子。
3. Sally found it very funny, but I felt very embarrassed.
（三）选择题答案
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. D
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 142
一、核心知识点
(一) 被动语态基本结构
1. 一般现在时被动
am / is / are + 过去分词 (done)
2. 一般过去时被动
was / were + 过去分词 (done)
3. 一般将来时被动
will / shall + be + 过去分词 (done)
4. 现在进行时被动
am / is / are + being + 过去分词 (done)
5. 现在完成时被动
have / has + been + 过去分词 (done)
（二）被动语态用法
1. 不知道动作执行者，或没必要指出
The car is made in China.
2. 需要强调动作的承受者
He was awarded the first prize in the match.
3. 动作执行者是无生命事物
We have been impressed by the view of the mountain top.
3. by 的用法
在被动语态中，by 引出动作执行者，意为“被 / 由”。
The window was broken by him.
二、练习
（一）用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Your bicycle will ______ (repair) tomorrow.
2. The room should ______ (air) regularly.
3. He ______ (surprise) by this present just now.
4. This book ______ (borrow) last Friday.
（二）把下列句子改成被动语态
1. My aunt is making my coat now.
____________________________________
2. I post a letter to my parents every month.
____________________________________
3. The policeman caught two thieves last Sunday.
____________________________________
（三）圈出正确答案
1. I ______ by them at the door.
A. saw B. seen C. was seen D. see
2. Chinese ______ by the largest number of people.
A. speak B. is speaking
C. speaks D. is spoken
3. I was invited ______ Sally to her birthday party.
A. to B. by C. with D. in
4. A room ______ into last week.
A. was broken B. broke
C. breaks D. broken
三、答案
（一）动词填空答案
1. will be repaired
2. be aired
3. was surprised
4. was borrowed
（二）被动语态改写答案
1. My coat is being made by my aunt now.
2. A letter is posted to my parents by me every month.
3. Two thieves were caught by the policeman last Sunday.
（三）选择题答案
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. A
