2026年政府工作报告学习笔记(2)

先来整体看一遍今天分享的内容：

一年来，我国经济顶压前行、展现强大韧性。经济运行总体平稳、稳中有进，国内生产总值增长5％，总量达到140.19万亿元。就业总体稳定，城镇新增就业1267万人，城镇调查失业率平均为5.2％。对外贸易较快增长，出口多元化成效明显，国际收支基本平衡。民生保障更加有力，居民收入增长和经济增长同步，脱贫攻坚成果巩固拓展，实施学前一年免费教育政策、惠及1400万儿童，全面实施育儿补贴制度、惠及3000多万婴幼儿。粮食产量达到1.43万亿斤。重点领域风险化解取得积极进展，社会大局保持稳定。

Over the past year, the Chinese economy has proved remarkably resilient, forging ahead against headwinds.The economy remained generally stable, and steady growth was registered. Gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 5 percent, reaching 140.19 trillion yuan. Overall employment remained stable, with 12.67 million urban jobs created, and the average surveyed urban unemployment rate stood at 5.2 percent. Foreign trade registered rapid growth, significant advances were made in export diversification,and a basic equilibrium was maintained in the balance of payments.Public wellbeing initiatives delivered more robust outcomes: Personal incomes rose in step with economic growth; poverty alleviation gains were consolidated and expanded; the policy of providing one year of free preschool education was implemented, benefiting 14 million children; and over 30 million children under three benefited from the childcare subsidies launched nationwide last year.Grain output rose to 715 million metric tons. Encouraging headway was made in defusing risks in key areas; overall social stability was ensured.

接下来具体分析：

一年来，我国经济顶压前行、展现强大韧性。

Over the past year, the Chinese economy has proved remarkably resilient, forging ahead against headwinds.

【翻译点拨】

1.词性转换与重心调整：

1）中文是两个并列动词短语：“顶压前行”和“展现韧性”。

2）英文将“展现强大韧性”作为主句核心 (has proved remarkably resilient)，因为这是最终的结论/状态；而将“顶压前行”处理为现在的分词短语 (forging ahead...) 作伴随状语，解释是在什么状态下展现的韧性。

经济运行总体平稳、稳中有进，国内生产总值增长5％，总量达到140.19万亿元。

The economy remained generally stable, and steady growth was registered. Gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 5 percent, reaching 140.19 trillion yuan.

【翻译点拨】

1.被动语态的客观性：

steady growth was registered 使用被动语态。在汇报数据时，英语习惯隐去动作发出者（谁记录的？统计局），强调数据本身被“记录/登记”这一事实，显得更客观正式。

2.分词作结果状语：

..., reaching 140.19 trillion yuan. 使用现在分词 reaching 引导结果状语。中文里“增长5%”和“达到...”是顺承关系，英文用逗号加分词做结果状语。

就业总体稳定，城镇新增就业1267万人，城镇调查失业率平均为5.2％。

Overall employment remained stable, with 12.67 million urban jobs created, and the average surveyed urban unemployment rate stood at 5.2 percent.

【翻译点拨】

1.中文流水句的处理

中文三个分句并列。英文将第二个分句“城镇新增就业...”处理为 with 12.67 million urban jobs created。

语法点：with + 名词 + 过去分词。这里 jobs 是被创造的，所以用 created。这种结构将具体的数据细节作为“伴随情况”依附于主句“就业稳定”，突出了主次，避免了连续使用 and 造成的流水账感。

对外贸易较快增长，出口多元化成效明显，国际收支基本平衡。

Foreign trade registered rapid growth, significant advances were made in export diversification,and a basic equilibrium was maintained in the balance of payments.

【翻译点拨】

1.英语表达的多样性

三个分句分别用了三个不同的动词结构，避免重复：

registered rapid growth (记录了快速增长)

advances were made (成效明显——取得了进展，被动)

equilibrium was maintained (基本平衡——保持了平衡，被动)

民生保障更加有力，居民收入增长和经济增长同步，脱贫攻坚成果巩固拓展，实施学前一年免费教育政策、惠及1400万儿童，全面实施育儿补贴制度、惠及3000多万婴幼儿。

Public wellbeing initiatives delivered more robust outcomes: Personal incomes rose in step with economic growth; poverty alleviation gains were consolidated and expanded; the policy of providing one year of free preschool education was implemented, benefiting 14 million children; and over 30 million children under three benefited from the childcare subsidies launched nationwide last year.

【翻译点拨】

1.总领句的概括性翻译：

民生保障更加有力→ Public wellbeing initiatives delivered more robust outcomes

没有逐字翻“保障”(guarantee)，而是用 initiatives (倡议/举措) 指代具体的政策行动，用 delivered ... outcomes (交付了...成果) 来对应“有力”。

2.冒号的使用：

中文是逗号一逗到底。英文使用冒号引出下文的具体四个方面，逻辑层次清晰：总述→分述。

3.被动语态与长难句的切分：

后半部分列举了两个具体政策。

“实施...政策” → the policy ... was implemented (被动)。

“惠及...” → benefiting ... (分词作结果状语) 或 benefited from (主动语态变换主语)。

技巧：译文灵活变换句式。第四个分句用 benefiting (主动分词)，第五个分句为了强调受益者，直接把 children 提做主语：children ... benefited from...。这种句式变换避免了枯燥的重复。

粮食产量达到1.43万亿斤。重点领域风险化解取得积极进展，社会大局保持稳定。

Grain output rose to 715 million metric tons. Encouraging headway was made in defusing risks in key areas; overall social stability was ensured.

【翻译点拨】

1.单位换算

1.43万亿斤 → 715 million metric tons。

技巧：对外传播使用国际通用单位。

计算：1斤 = 0.5公斤 = 0.0005吨。

【重点词汇与表达积累】

1. 描述经济形势

2. 描述数据与增长

3. 描述政策与民生