Lesson35 Space odyssey
课文：
1The Moon is likely to become the industrial hub of the Solar System supplying the rocket fuels for its ships, easily obtainable from the lunar rocks in the form of liquid oxygen.
- 结构：主系表 + 现在分词作定语 + 形容词短语作后置定语
- 成分：
The Moon（主语）+ is likely to become（谓语）+ the industrial hub of the Solar System（表语）+ supplying the rocket fuels for its ships（定语，修饰 hub）+ easily obtainable from the lunar rocks in the form of liquid oxygen（定语，修饰fuels）
- 翻译：月球很可能成为太阳系的工业中心，为航天器提供火箭燃料，这些燃料以液态氧的形式从月球岩石中轻易获取。
2The reason lies in its gravity.
The reason（主语）+ lies in（谓语）+ its gravity（宾语）
3Because the Moon has only an eightieth of the Earth's mass, it requires 97% less energy to travel the quarter of a million miles from the Moon to Earth-orbit than the 200 mile-journey from Earth's surface into orbit!
Because（连词）+ the Moon（从句主语）+ has（从句谓语）+ only an eightieth of the Earth's mass（从句宾语）+ it（主句主语）+ requires（主句谓语）+ 97% less energy（主句宾语）+ to travel…（定语）+ than…（比较状语）
- 翻译：因为月球质量仅为地球的八十分之一，从月球飞往 25 万英里外的地球轨道，所需能量比从地球表面飞 200 英里进入轨道少 97%！
4This may sound fantastic, but it is easily calculated.
This（主语1）+ may sound（系动词）+ fantastic（表语 1）+ but（连词）+ it（主语2）+ is（系动词）+ easily calculated（表语 2，被动）
5To escape from the Earth in a rocket, one must travel at seven miles per second.
To escape from the Earth in a rocket（目的状语）+ one（主语）+ must travel（谓语）+ at seven miles per second（方式状语）
- 翻译：要乘坐火箭飞离地球，速度必须达到每秒 7 英里。
6The comparable speed from the Moon is only 1.5 miles per second.
The comparable speed from the Moon（主语）+ is（系动词）+ only 1.5 miles per second（表语）
- 翻译：从月球出发的对应速度仅为每秒 1.5 英里。
7Because the gravity on the Moon's surface is only a sixth of Earth's (remember how easily the Apollo astronauts bounded along), it takes much less energy to accelerate to that 1.5mps than it does on Earth.
Because（连词）+ the gravity（从句主语）+ is（从句系动词）+ only a sixth of Earth's（从句表语）+ it（形式主语）+ takes（谓语）+ much less energy（宾语）+ to accelerate…（真实主语）+ than…（比较状语）
- 翻译：因为月球表面引力仅为地球的六分之一（还记得阿波罗宇航员轻松跳跃的样子），在月球上加速到 1.5 英里 / 秒比在地球耗能少得多。
8Moon dwellers will be able to fly in space at only three percent of the cost of similar journeys by their terrestrial cousins.
Moon dwellers（主语）+ will be able to fly（谓语）+ in space（地点状语）+ at only three percent of the cost…（方式状语）
- 翻译：月球居民在太空飞行的成本，仅为地球同类旅程的 3%。
9Arthur C.Clark once suggested a revolutionary idea passes through three phases:
Arthur C.Clark（主语）+ once suggested（谓语）+ a revolutionary idea passes through three phases（宾语从句）
- 翻译：阿瑟・C・克拉克曾提出，一个革命性想法会经历三个阶段：
10'It's impossible--don't waste my time.'
- 结构：主系表；祈使句
- 翻译：1. “这不可能 —— 别浪费我的时间。”
11'It's possible, but not worth doing.'
- 结构：并列句（but 连接）
- 翻译：2. “有可能，但不值得做。”
12'I said it was a good idea all along.'
- 结构：主谓 + 宾语从句
- 翻译：3. “我一直都说这是个好主意。”
13The idea of colonising Mars--a world 160 times more distant than the Moon--will move decisively from the second phase to the third, when a significant number of people are living permanently in space.
- 结构：主谓 + 时间状语从句；插入语作同位语
- 成分：
The idea of colonising Mars（主语）+ a world…（同位语）+ will move（谓语）+ from…to…（状语）+ when…（时间状语从句）
- 翻译：当大量人类永久生活在太空时，殖民火星 —— 一个比月球远 160 倍的星球 —— 这一想法将明确从第二阶段进入第三阶段。
14Mars has an extraordinary fascination for would-be voyagers.
Mars（主语）+ has（谓语）+ an extraordinary fascination（宾语）+ for would-be voyagers（状语）
15 America, Russia and Europe are filled with enthusiasts--many of them serious and senior scientists who dream of sending people to it.
America, Russia and Europe（主语）+ are filled with（谓语）+ enthusiasts（表语）+ many of them…（同位语）+ who dream of sending people to it（定语从句）
- 翻译：美国、俄罗斯和欧洲有众多热衷者，其中许多是资深科学家，梦想把人类送上火星。
16Their aim is understandable.
17It is the one world in the Solar System that is most like the Earth.
It is（强调结构）+ the one world in the Solar System（被强调部分）+ that（连词）+ is most like the Earth（谓语）
18It is a world of red sandy deserts (hence its name--the Red Planet), cloudless skies, savage sandstorms, chasms wider than the Grand Canyon and at least one mountain more than twice as tall as Everest.
It（主语）+ is（系动词）+ a world（表语）+ of…（定语，含多个并列名词）
- 翻译：这是一个红色沙海的世界（因此得名 “红色星球”），天空无云、沙暴猛烈，峡谷比科罗拉多大峡谷更宽，至少有一座山是珠穆朗玛峰两倍多高。
19It seems ideal for settlement.
词汇
一、核心词汇
- odyssey /ˈɒdəsi/n. 漫长探索；远征
- colonise /ˈkɒlənaɪz/v. 殖民；定居
- hub /hʌb/n. 中心；枢纽
- obtainable /əbˈteɪnəbl/adj. 可获得的
- gravity /ˈɡrævəti/n. 重力；引力
- mass /mæs/n. 质量；大量
- accelerate /əkˈseləreɪt/v. 加速
- dwellers /ˈdweləz/n. 居住者
- terrestrial /təˈrestriəl/adj. 地球的；陆地的
- revolutionary /ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri/adj. 革命性的
- phase /feɪz/n. 阶段
- decisively /dɪˈsaɪsɪvli/adv. 决定性地
- permanently /ˈpɜːmənəntli/adv. 永久地
- fascination /ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn/n. 魅力；吸引力
- enthusiast /ɪnˈθjuːziæst/n. 热衷者
- savage /ˈsævɪdʒ/adj. 猛烈的；野蛮的
- chasm /ˈkæzəm/n. 峡谷；深坑
- settlement /ˈsetlmənt/n. 定居；殖民地
二、高级固定搭配（课文原句，写作加分）
- be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事
- in the form of 以…… 形式
- lie in 在于（原因）
- escape from 逃离；脱离
- accelerate to 加速到……
- pass through three phases 经历三个阶段
- a significant number of 大量的
- be filled with 充满
- dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事
- be ideal for 对…… 来说是理想的
三、拓展高频搭配（考试 / 写作常用，同主题延伸）
太空探索类
- space exploration 太空探索
- solar system 太阳系
- lunar surface 月球表面
- rocket fuel 火箭燃料
- earth orbit 地球轨道
- space travel 太空旅行
- manned mission 载人任务
- permanent base 永久基地
数量与比较类
- one eighth of 八分之一
- one sixth of 六分之一
- twice as tall as 是…… 两倍高
- less energy 更少能量
- at the cost of 以…… 为代价
观点与发展类
- revolutionary idea 革命性想法
- initial phase 初始阶段
- make it possible 使…… 成为可能
- be worth doing 值得做
- think seriously about 认真考虑
句型
1. 万能原因句（用于说明原因）
原句：The reason lies in its gravity.
套用句式：The reason lies in 名词 / 名词短语.
替换示例：The reason lies in the lack of experience.
翻译：原因在于缺乏经验。
2. 可能性预测句（用于观点展望）
原句：The Moon is likely to become the industrial hub of the Solar System.
套用句式：Subject is likely to become ideal place/important role.
替换示例：Online education is likely to become a main way of learning.
翻译：在线教育很可能成为一种主要的学习方式。
3. 条件成就句（用于 “当…时，就会…”）
原句：The idea will move decisively from the second phase to the third, when a significant number of people are living permanently in space.
套用句式：Something will develop rapidly, when a large number of people….
替换示例：Environmental protection will improve greatly, when more people realize its importance.
翻译：当更多人意识到其重要性时，环境保护将会大幅改善。
4. 评价观点句（用于 “某事物对…有吸引力”）
原句：Mars has an extraordinary fascination for would-be voyagers.
套用句式：Something has an extraordinary fascination for people who….
替换示例：Traditional culture has an extraordinary fascination for young people.
翻译：传统文化对年轻人有着非凡的吸引力。
5. 适合性评价句（用于结尾推荐）
原句：It seems ideal for settlement.
套用句式：Something seems ideal for purpose/use.
替换示例：This method seems ideal for improving study efficiency.
翻译：这个方法似乎非常适合提高学习效率。
