文章选自 The Economist | Feb 27th 2026. 是个我非常关注的话题~~
我们需要补“镁”吗?今天的文章围绕这个话题展开,介绍其生理功能,并系统梳理最新研究:镁补剂对睡眠、情绪、偏头痛有一定积极作用,但心血管证据有限(真好真好!没白吃!)。多数人可通过饮食获取足量镁,加工食品是摄入不足的重要原因。一起来学习吧~

Will magnesium supplements help you relax?
Not everyone will feel the benefits
镁补充剂能帮你放松身心吗?
并非每个人都能感受到效果。
MAGNESIUM plays a role in hundreds of bodily processes. The mineral helps regulate heart rate, glucose and blood pressure, and is essential for the synthesis of DNA and proteins. Magnesium also helps make serotonin, a brain chemical that modulates sleep, appetite and mood. Most of the body’s magnesium comes from food—leafy greens, beans, nuts, bananas, milk and whole grains are rich in it. But sales of supplements, which are formulated with additional substances to create magnesium salts, are surging. Boosters claim they can aid sleep, lessen stress and depression, and even have cardiovascular benefits. What, though, does the research say about their usefulness?
镁参与人体数百种生理活动。这种矿物质有助于调节心率、血糖和血压,对 DNA 和蛋白质的合成至关重要。镁还有助于合成血清素,这种大脑化学物质调节睡眠、食欲和情绪。人体大部分镁来自食物 —— 绿叶菜、豆类、坚果、香蕉、牛奶和全谷物含量丰富。但添加其他物质制成镁盐的补剂销量正在飙升。支持者声称它们能改善睡眠、缓解压力与抑郁,甚至有益心血管。但研究到底如何看待其效用?
regulate /ˈreɡjuleɪt/v. 调节,控制 例句:The body can regulate temperature automatically. 身体能自动调节体温。
essential /ɪˈsenʃl/adj. 极其重要的,必不可少的 例句:Water is essential for life. 水对生命至关重要。
synthesis /ˈsɪnθəsɪs/n. 合成 例句:Vitamin D synthesis needs sunlight. 维生素 D 合成需要阳光。
serotonin /ˌserəˈtəʊnɪn/n. 血清素,5 - 羟色胺 例句:Serotonin affects mood and sleep. 血清素影响情绪和睡眠。
modulate /ˈmɒdjuleɪt/v. 调节,调控 例句:Drugs can modulate brain activity. 药物可以调节大脑活动。
supplement /ˈsʌplɪmənt/n. 补充剂,补品 例句:Many people take vitamin supplements. 很多人服用维生素补充剂。
formulate /ˈfɔːmjuleɪt/v. 配制,配方设计 例句:This cream is formulated for sensitive skin. 这款面霜是为敏感肌配制的。
surge /sɜːdʒ/v. 急剧上升,激增 例句:Demand for the product has surged. 该产品需求激增。
booster /ˈbuːstə(r)/n. 支持者,鼓吹者 例句:Boosters say the treatment is safe. 支持者称该疗法安全。
aid /eɪd/v. 帮助,辅助 例句:This medicine can aid digestion. 这种药能帮助消化。
lessen /ˈlesn/v. 减轻,缓解 例句:Exercise can lessen stress. 运动能减轻压力。
cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdiəʊˈvæskjələ(r)/adj. 心血管的 例句:Smoking harms cardiovascular health. 吸烟损害心血管健康。
usefulness /ˈjuːsfəlnəs/n. 效用,有用性 例句:We are testing the usefulness of this tool. 我们在测试这款工具的实用性。
Begin with magnesium’s proposed sleep benefits. Recent trials to assess their effects, though mostly small, have been promising. In a study published in Nature and Science of Sleep in August 2025, 69 participants with poor sleep were offered a nightly dose of a magnesium compound. After four weeks, say the researchers, they were sleeping slightly better than their placebo-popping peers, perhaps owing to magnesium’s role in muscle relaxation. That said, the improvement was modest and unlikely to eliminate insomnia.
先看镁据称带来的睡眠益处。近期评估其效果的试验虽然规模普遍偏小,但结果颇具希望。2025年 8 月发表在《睡眠自然与科学》上的一项研究中,69 名睡眠不佳的受试者每晚服用一种镁化合物。研究人员表示,四周后,他们的睡眠比服用安慰剂的人群略好,这可能源于镁对肌肉放松的作用。不过,改善幅度有限,不太可能根治失眠。
proposed /prəˈpəʊzd/adj. 被宣称的,被提出的 例句:The proposed benefits lack strong evidence. 这些宣称的益处缺乏有力证据。
trial /ˈtraɪəl/n. 试验,测试 例句:The drug is in clinical trials. 该药物正在进行临床试验。
assess /əˈses/v. 评估,评价 例句:We need to assess the risk carefully. 我们需要仔细评估风险。
promising /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/adj. 有希望的,前景良好的 例句:The results are very promising. 结果非常有希望。
participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/n. 参与者,受试者 例句:All participants were healthy adults. 所有受试者均为健康成年人。
compound /ˈkɒmpaʊnd/n. 化合物 例句:Magnesium citrate is a common compound. 柠檬酸镁是一种常见化合物。
placebo-popping /pləˈsiːbəʊˈpɒpɪŋ/adj. 服用安慰剂的 例句:The placebo group showed no improvement. 安慰剂组没有出现改善。
relaxation /ˌriːlækˈseɪʃn/n. 放松 例句:Warm baths help muscle relaxation. 温水澡有助于肌肉放松。
modest /ˈmɒdɪst/adj. 适度的,有限的 例句:The improvement was modest but real. 改善有限但真实存在。
eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/v. 消除,根除 例句:We need to eliminate safety risks. 我们需要消除安全隐患。
insomnia /ɪnˈsɒmniə/n. 失眠症 例句:Many people suffer from insomnia.很多人受失眠困扰。
Another, industry-sponsored, trial found broader benefits. Thirty-eight American adults took a gram of magnesium L-threonate—a compound thought to be more easily absorbed by the brain—every night for three weeks. Another 38 participants were given a placebo. As the researchers noted in 2024 in Sleep Medicine: X, the supplements led to better deep and REM sleep. The intervention group also scored significantly higher on measures of alertness, energy and productivity. An additional finding also stood out: improved mood.
另一项由行业资助的试验发现了更广泛的益处。38 名美国成年人连续三周每晚服用 1 克 L - 苏糖酸镁 —— 一种被认为更容易被大脑吸收的化合物。另外 38 名受试者服用安慰剂。研究人员 2024 年在《睡眠医学:X》中指出,补剂组的深度睡眠和快速眼动睡眠质量更高。干预组在警觉性、精力和工作效率方面的得分也显著更高。还有一个发现格外突出:情绪得到改善。
industry-sponsored /ˈɪndəstri ˈspɒnsəd/adj. 由行业资助的 例句:The study was industry-sponsored. 这项研究由行业资助。
threonate /ˈθriːəneɪt/n. 苏糖酸盐 例句:Magnesium L-threonate is used for brain health. L - 苏糖酸镁用于脑部健康。
absorb /əbˈzɔːb/v. 吸收 例句:Vitamin C helps absorb iron. 维生素 C 有助于吸收铁。
intervention /ˌɪntəˈvenʃn/n. 干预,介入(试验用语) 例句:The intervention group received the real drug. 干预组服用真实药物。
significantly /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/adv. 显著地 例句:The results improved significantly. 结果显著改善。
alertness /əˈlɜːtnəs/n. 警觉性,清醒度 例句:Sleep affects alertness during the day. 睡眠影响白天的清醒度。
productivity /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/n. 生产力,效率 例句:Good sleep improves productivity. 良好睡眠提升效率。
stand out 突出,显眼 例句:Her results stood out from others. 她的结果格外突出。
Could magnesium help lift depression? Some small trials have shown promise. Consider a review of seven randomised clinical trials with a total of 325 depressed adult participants that was published in 2023 in the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry. The authors found that those given magnesium compounds experienced a statistically significant drop in depression scores. They noted that magnesium is associated with reduced inflammation and inhibit senzymes that have been linked to stress and mood disorders.
镁能帮助缓解抑郁吗?一些小型试验显示出潜力。2023 年发表在《精神病学前沿》的一篇综述回顾了 7 项随机临床试验,共 325 名成年抑郁症患者参与。作者发现,服用镁化合物的人抑郁评分在统计学上显著下降。他们指出,镁与减轻炎症有关,并能抑制与压力和情绪障碍相关的酶。
promise /ˈprɒmɪs/n. 希望,潜力 例句:The treatment shows great promise. 该疗法潜力巨大。
review /rɪˈvjuː/n. 综述,评论 例句:This review summarizes 10 studies. 这篇综述总结了 10 项研究。
randomised /ˈrændəmaɪzd/adj. 随机的 例句:It was a randomised controlled trial. 这是一项随机对照试验。
clinical /ˈklɪnɪkl/adj. 临床的 例句:Clinical trials test new drugs. 临床试验测试新药。
statistically /stəˈtɪstɪkli/adv. 统计上地 例句:The difference is statistically significant. 差异具有统计学显著性。
inflammation /ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃn/n. 炎症 例句:Chronic inflammation harms health. 慢性炎症损害健康。
inhibit /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/v. 抑制,阻碍 例句:This drug can inhibit tumor growth. 这种药物能抑制肿瘤生长。
enzyme /ˈenzaɪm/n. 酶 例句:Enzymes help digest food. 酶帮助消化食物。
disorder /dɪsˈɔːdə(r)/n. 紊乱,疾病 例句:Anxiety is a common mental disorder. 焦虑是一种常见精神疾病。
Magnesium also seems to ease migraines, in part by dampening the brain’s firing of pain-signalling chemicals such as glutamate. A review of four randomised controlled trials that was published in February 2025 in Neurological Sciences found a daily supplement of magnesium of 122-600mg could lessen migraine severity and reduce their frequency by about 2.5 attacks a month.
镁似乎还能缓解偏头痛,部分原因是它能抑制大脑释放谷氨酸等传递疼痛信号的化学物质。2025年 2 月发表在《神经科学》上的一篇综述回顾了四项随机对照试验,发现每日服用 122–600 毫克镁补剂可以减轻偏头痛严重程度,并将每月发作频率减少约 2.5 次。
migraine /ˈmaɪɡreɪn/n. 偏头痛 例句:She suffers from bad migraines. 她患有严重偏头痛。
dampen /ˈdæmpən/v. 抑制,减弱 例句:The drug dampens pain signals.这种药物抑制疼痛信号。
glutamate /ˈɡluːtəmeɪt/n. 谷氨酸盐 例句:Glutamate is a neurotransmitter. 谷氨酸是一种神经递质。
severity /sɪˈverəti/n. 严重程度 例句:The drug reduces symptom severity. 该药物减轻症状严重程度。
frequency /ˈfriːkwənsi/n. 频率 例句:The frequency of headaches decreased. 头痛发作频率下降了。
Evidence for cardiovascular benefits, however, is weaker. Some studies suggest magnesium supplements can lower blood pressure, but only meaningfully in those who started out with hypertension or a magnesium deficiency called hypomagnesemia. As for strokes, observational studies have linked higher magnesium intake to lower risk, but other factors may have played a role.
然而,有益心血管的证据则较弱。一些研究表明,镁补剂可以降低血压,但仅对原本患有高血压或镁缺乏(即低镁血症)的人群效果明显。至于中风,观察性研究发现镁摄入量越高风险越低,但其他因素可能也在起作用。
meaningfully /ˈmiːnɪŋfəli/adv. 显著地,有意义地 例句:The treatment helped meaningfully. 该疗法效果显著。
hypertension /ˌhaɪpəˈtenʃn/n. 高血压 例句:Hypertension increases stroke risk. 高血压增加中风风险。
deficiency /dɪˈfɪʃnsi/n. 缺乏,不足 例句:Vitamin deficiency causes health problems. 维生素缺乏会引发健康问题。
hypomagnesemia /ˌhaɪpəʊˌmæɡnəˈsiːmiə/n. 低镁血症 例句:Hypomagnesemia affects muscle function. 低镁血症影响肌肉功能。
observational /ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃənl/adj. 观察性的 例句:This is an observational study. 这是一项观察性研究。
intake /ˈɪnteɪk/n. 摄入量 例句:Reduce your intake of sugar. 减少糖的摄入。
All told, a balanced diet will provide enough magnesium for most people, although supplements may help those who struggle to get enough. In its fact sheet on magnesium, updated on January 6th, America’s National Institutes of Health noted that nearly half of Americans ingest too little—perhaps due to the popularity of heavy processing of food, which depletes the mineral.
总而言之,均衡饮食能为大多数人提供足够的镁,不过补剂可能对难以摄入足量镁的人有帮助。美国国立卫生研究院 1 月 6 日更新的镁相关资料指出,近一半美国人镁摄入不足 —— 可能是因为深度加工食品流行,导致这种矿物质流失。
all told 总而言之,合计 例句:All told, 100 people joined the study. 总共有100 人参与这项研究。
fact sheet /ˈfækt ʃiːt/n. 情况说明书,资料简介 例句:The fact sheet explains the disease clearly. 这份资料清晰解释了这种疾病。
ingest /ɪnˈdʒest/v. 摄入,摄取 例句:We ingest many chemicals daily. 我们每天摄入很多化学物质。
deplete /dɪˈpliːt/v. 耗尽,使枯竭 例句:Processing depletes nutrients in food. 加工会流失食物中的营养。
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