2013-2-ReadingPartA-T4-6-1 讲义83页
文章主题：《欧盟拟立法设定女性董事配额》
2013-2-ReadingPartA-T4-6-1
After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions— no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them.
词汇：
1.evade v.逃避、回避、躲避
2.meritocratic adj.精英管理的
3.hire v.聘用、雇佣
4.promotion n.晋升（职位）
【Step 1】找谓语
After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions— no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them.
·动词 has shown 现在完成时
·动词 are evading 现在进行时
·动词 is put 一般现在时+被动语态
【Step 2】断句
After all, four decades of evidence has now shown [that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions— <no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them>].
解析：
本句共包含一个由that引导的宾语从句，其中包含一个由no matter how引导的让步状语从句。
that引导的宾语从句：
shown [that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions— <...>].
判断方法：1.位置：在动词|介词后<在动词shown后>。
no matter how引导的让步状语从句：
<no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them>.
判断方法1：no matter how=however 它们俩只有引导状从的时候可以替换；另外，让步状语从句表示“退一步讲”——通过以下译文便可知，该句大致意思是“退一步讲，不管施加多少压力，企业都不愿意让女性晋升高位”
重点成分标注：
主语：在句首|谓语前
宾语：在动词|介词后
表语：在系动词后
主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝
主句：
After all, four decades of evidencehas now shown...that引导的宾语从句：
shown[thatcorporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions— <...>].
其中，
1. in Europe as well as the US是介宾结构作后置定语修饰the corporations——【判断方法：1.在名词|代词后；2.译为“...的“修饰该名词|代词，通顺即为定语<欧洲和美国的企业>】
2.of women是介宾结构作后置定语修饰the meritocratic hiring and promotion。
3.to top positions是介宾结构作状语【判断方法：1.在名词|代词后；2.译为“...的“修饰该名词|代词，不通顺即为状语】
no matter how引导的让步状语从句：
<no matter how much “soft pressure”is putupon them>.
【Step 3】翻译
After all, four decades of evidence has now shown [that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions— <no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them>].
·翻译思路：
本句顺译即可，no matter how 引导的让步状语从句用单破折号连接，属于补充说明内容，因此可保留原位。
注意⚠️：本句有点长，要适当根据意群断句，把其译为中文的短句。
主句：
英文：After all, four decades of evidence has now shown...中文：毕竟，四十年的证据现已表明...that引导的宾语从句：
英文：shown[that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions— <...>].
中文：表明，欧洲和美国的企业正在逃避女性的精英雇佣和升迁至高位。
no matter how引导的让步状语从句：
英文：<no matter how much “soft pressure”is put upon them>.
中文：不论向这些企业施加多少软压力。
毕竟，四十年的证据现已表明，欧洲和美国的企业正在逃避女性的精英雇佣和升迁至高位——不论向这些企业施加多少软压力。终译：毕竟，四十年的证据现已表明，欧洲以及美国的企业都在逃避精英选才，拒绝升迁女性到高层——不管给它们施加多少“软压力”。
