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学习笔记:《外空条约》(1967)

Article I: The exploration and use of outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, shall be carried out for the benefit and in the interests of all countries, irrespective of their degree of economic or scientific development, and shall be the province of all mankind. Outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, shall be free for exploration and use by all States without discrimination of any kind, on a basis of equality and in accordance with international law, and there shall be free access to all areas of celestial bodies.
Article II: Outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or occupation, or by any other means.
Article IV: States Parties to the Treaty undertake not to place in orbit around the Earth any objects carrying nuclear weapons or any other kinds of weapons of mass destruction, install such weapons on celestial bodies, or station such weapons in outer space in any other manner.
Article VI: States Parties to the Treaty shall bear international responsibility for national activities in outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, whether such activities are carried on by governmental agencies or by non-governmental entities, and for assuring that national activities are carried out in conformity with the provisions set forth in the present Treaty.

第一条：探索和利用包括月球与其他天体在内的外层空间，应为所有国家谋福利与利益，不论其经济或科学发展程度如何，此类探索和利用应是全人类的事务。包括月球与其他天体在内的外层空间，应由各国在平等基础上并按国际法自由探索和利用，不得有任何歧视，天体的所有区域均得自由进入。
第二条：包括月球与其他天体在内的外层空间，不得由国家通过提出主权主张、使用或占领或以任何其他方法据为己有。
第四条：本条约各缔约国承诺不在环绕地球的轨道上放置任何载有核武器或任何其他种类大规模毁灭性武器的物体，不在天体上装置这种武器，也不以任何其他方式在外层空间设置这种武器。
第六条：本条约各缔约国对其在包括月球与其他天体在内的外层空间所从事的本国活动，无论是由政府机构还是非政府实体进行，均应承担国际责任，并应保证本国活动的实施符合本条约的规定。