法国文物回家:双语学习素材

4月13日，法国国民议会以170票赞成、0票反对的结果，全票通过一项文物归还法案，将简化法国在殖民时期掠夺所得文物的归还程序。这一法案的通过，被认为是法国在文物归还问题上的重要突破，尤其与中国有着密切关联——历史上，法国在殖民时期曾从中国掠夺大量珍贵文物，多数至今仍收藏于法国各大博物馆。

On April 13, the French National Assembly passed a cultural relics repatriation bill unanimously with 170 votes in favor and 0 against, simplifying the procedure for returning cultural relics looted by France during the colonial era. The passage of this bill is regarded as an important breakthrough for France on the issue of cultural relics repatriation, and it is particularly closely related to China. Historically, France looted a large number of precious cultural relics from China during the colonial period, most of which are still collected in major French museums.

议员热雷米·帕特里耶-莱图斯在发言中引用法国文豪维克多·雨果的愿景：“法兰西能脱胎换骨，将不义之财归还被抢掠的中国”，并表示“这一天终于到来”。雨果曾在19世纪就强烈谴责殖民掠夺行为，呼吁归还被抢走的文物，如今这一愿景正逐步成为现实。

Deputy Jérémie Patrier-Leitus quoted the vision of French literary giant Victor Hugo in his speech: "May France be reborn and return the ill-gotten gains to plundered China," stating that "this day has finally come." As early as the 19th century, Hugo strongly condemned colonial plunder and called for the return of looted cultural relics, and now this vision is gradually becoming a reality.

该法案适用范围为1815年至1972年间法国获取的文物。法案在国民议会与参议院达成一致后进入最终表决。此外，议员们还通过条款，要求法国政府每年公布涉嫌非法获取的文物清单，这将进一步推动文物归还的透明化进程。

The bill applies to cultural relics acquired by France between 1815 and 1972. It entered the final vote after agreement between the National Assembly and the Senate. In addition, deputies passed a clause requiring the French government to publish an annual list of cultural relics suspected of being illegally acquired, which will further promote the transparency of cultural relics repatriation.

历史上，法国从中国掠夺的文物种类繁多、价值连城，以下是几件最具代表性的文物，多数收藏于法国巴黎卢浮宫（Louvre Museum）和吉美博物馆（Guimet Museum）：

Historically, the cultural relics looted by France from China are of various types and invaluable. Below are several of the most representative ones, most of which are collected in the Louvre Museum and Guimet Museum in Paris, France:

1. 《圆明园十二生肖兽首》（The Twelve Animal Heads of the Old Summer Palace）

这是最广为人知的在法中国文物之一，原为圆明园海晏堂前的喷泉装饰物，由清代宫廷匠师设计，以青铜铸造。1860年英法联军火烧圆明园时，兽首被掠夺，其中鼠首、兔首曾长期收藏于法国，后经捐赠、拍卖等方式部分回归中国，目前仍有部分兽首下落不明。

One of the most well-known Chinese cultural relics in France, they were originally fountain decorations in front of the Haiyan Hall of the Old Summer Palace, designed by Qing court craftsmen and cast in bronze. When British and French troops burned down the Old Summer Palace in 1860, the animal heads were looted. Among them, the Rat Head and Rabbit Head were once collected in France for a long time, and some have been returned to China through donations and auctions. At present, the whereabouts of some animal heads are still unknown.

2. 《历代帝王图》（Portraits of Emperors of All Dynasties）

唐代画家阎立本的传世名作，描绘了从西汉到隋朝的十三位帝王形象，是中国古代人物画的巅峰之作。该画作于近代被掠夺至法国，现收藏于巴黎卢浮宫，是卢浮宫收藏的最珍贵的中国书画之一。

A masterpiece handed down from generation to generation by Yan Liben, a painter of the Tang Dynasty, it depicts the images of thirteen emperors from the Western Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, and is the pinnacle of ancient Chinese figure painting. This painting was looted to France in modern times and is now collected in the Louvre Museum in Paris, one of the most precious Chinese calligraphy and paintings collected by the Louvre.

重点词汇总结与归纳（中英对照+词性+释义）

补充短语（高频实用）