Lesson 34 A happy discovery幸运的发现
课文原文
Antique shops exert a peculiar fascination on a great many people.
古玩店对许多人来说有一种特殊的魅力。
The more expensive kind of antique shop where rare objects are beautifully displayed in glass cases to keep them free from dust is usually a forbidding place.
高档一点的古玩店为了防尘，把文物漂亮地陈列在玻璃柜子里，那里往往令人望而却步。
But no one has to muster up courage to enter a less pretentious antique shop.
而对不那么装腔作势的古玩店，人们就不必鼓足勇气进去了。
There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that litter the floors.
人们总是希望，在那发霉、黑暗、杂乱的房间迷宫里，散落在地上的一堆堆破烂中，能找到一件真正罕见的珍品。
No one discovers a rarity by chance.
没有一个人是靠运气发现珍品的。
A truly dedicated bargain hunter must have patience, and above all, the ability to recognize the worth of something when he sees it.
一个真正执着于淘便宜货的人必须有耐心，最重要的是，要有一眼识别物品价值的能力。
To do this, he must be at least as knowledgeable as the dealer.
要做到这一点，他至少要像古董商一样懂行。
Like a scientist bent on making a discovery, he must cherish the hope that one day he will be amply rewarded.
就像一个一心想有所发现的科学家，他必须心怀希望，终有一天会得到丰厚的回报。
My old friend, Frank Halliday, is just such a person.
我的老朋友弗兰克・哈利迪就是这样一个人。
He has often described to me how he picked up a masterpiece for a mere £50.
他常常向我讲述他如何只用 50 英镑就淘到了一件杰作。
One Saturday morning, Frank visited an antique shop in my neighbourhood.
一个星期六的上午，弗兰克去了我家附近的一家古玩店。
As he had never been there before, he found a great deal to interest him.
因为他以前从未去过那里，所以发现了很多让他感兴趣的东西。
The morning passed rapidly and Frank was about to leave when he noticed a large packing case lying on the floor.
一上午很快过去了，弗兰克正要离开，这时他注意到地板上放着一只大包装箱。
The dealer told him that it had just come in, but that he could not be bothered to open it.
古董商告诉他那只箱子刚到货，但他懒得打开。
Frank begged him to do so and the dealer reluctantly prised it open.
弗兰克央求他打开看看，古董商才不情愿地撬开了箱子。
The contents were disappointing.
箱子里的东西令人失望。
Apart from an interesting-looking carved dagger, the box was full of crockery, much of it broken.
除了一把样子有趣的雕花匕首外，箱子里全是陶器，而且大部分都碎了。
Frank gently lifted the crockery out of the box and suddenly noticed a miniature painting at the bottom of the packing case.
弗兰克轻轻地把陶器从箱子里拿出来，突然注意到箱底有一幅微型画。
As its composition and line reminded him of an Italian painting he knew well, he decided to buy it.
这幅画的构图和线条使他想起了一幅他很熟悉的意大利画，于是他决定把它买下来。
Glancing at it briefly, the dealer told him that it was worth £50.
古董商匆匆看了一眼，告诉他这幅画值 50 英镑。
Frank could hardly conceal his excitement, for he knew that he had made a real discovery.
弗兰克几乎无法掩饰自己的兴奋，因为他知道自己有了一个真正的发现。
The tiny painting proved to be an unknown masterpiece by Correggio and was worth hundreds of thousands of pounds.
那幅小画后来被证实是柯勒乔的一幅不为人知的杰作，价值数十万英镑。
课文分析
1. Antique shops exert a peculiar fascination on a great many people.
·句子类型：陈述句（肯定句）
·核心结构：主语(Antique shops) + 谓语(exert) + 宾语(a peculiar fascination) + 状语(on a great many people)
·语法要点：
1.固定搭配：exert a fascination on sb. = 对某人产生 / 施加一种魅力 / 吸引力。exert是及物动词，意为“施加（影响、压力等）”。
2.a great many后接可数名词复数，表示“许多、大量”，比 many语气更强。
·释义：古玩店对许多人来说有一种特殊的魅力。
2. The more expensive kind of antique shop where rare objects are beautifully displayed in glass cases to keep them free from dust is usually a forbidding place.
·句子类型：陈述句（含定语从句的复合句）
·核心结构：主语(The more expensive kind of antique shop) + 定语从句(where rare objects are beautifully displayed in glass cases to keep them free from dust) + 谓语(is) + 宾语(a forbidding place)
·语法要点：
1.主句核心：The more expensive kind of antique shop is usually a forbidding place.（主系表结构）
2.where引导的定语从句修饰先行词antique shop，where在从句中作地点状语，相当于in which。
3.被动语态：are displayed表示“被陈列”。
4.不定式作目的状语：to keep them free from dust = 为了使它们免受灰尘。
5.固定搭配：keep sb./sth. free from sth. = 使…… 免受……；forbidding place = 令人望而却步的地方。
·释义：高档一点的古玩店为了防尘，把文物漂亮地陈列在玻璃柜子里，那里往往令人望而却步。
3. But no one has to muster up courage to enter a less pretentious antique shop.
·句子类型：陈述句（含不定式作目的状语的简单句）
·核心结构：主语(no one) + 谓语(has to muster up courage) + 状语(to enter a less pretentious antique shop)
·语法要点：
1.情态动词have to表示“不得不、必须”，比 must更强调客观需要。
2.固定搭配：muster up courage = 鼓起勇气。
3.不定式to enter...作目的状语，说明“鼓起勇气” 的目的。
4.less pretentious是pretentious的比较级否定形式，意为“不那么装腔作势的、不那么浮华的”。
·释义：而对不那么装腔作势的古玩店，人们就不必鼓足勇气进去了。
4. There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that litter the floors.
·句子类型：陈述句（含同位语从句和定语从句的复合句）
·核心结构：There be 句型(There is always hope) + 同位语从句(that in its labyrinth... floors)
·语法要点：
1.There is hope that...是固定句型，that引导同位语从句，具体说明hope的内容。
2.同位语从句内部是被动语态：a real rarity will be found = 一件真正的珍品将会被发现。
3.介词短语作地点状语：amongst the piles of assorted junk = 在一堆堆混杂的垃圾中。
4.定语从句that litter the floors修饰先行词junk，that在从句中作主语，litter意为“散落、乱扔”。
5.词汇：labyrinth迷宫；musty发霉的；disordered杂乱无章的；rarity珍品；assorted各式各样的。
·释义：人们总是希望，在那发霉、黑暗、杂乱的房间迷宫里，散落在地上的一堆堆破烂中，能找到一件真正罕见的珍品。
5. No one discovers a rarity by chance.
·句子类型：陈述句（简单句）
·核心结构：主语(No one) + 谓语(discovers) + 宾语(a rarity) + 状语(by chance)
·语法要点：
1.固定搭配：by chance = 偶然、意外地。
2.discover强调发现原本就存在但未被人所知的事物。
·释义：没有一个人是靠运气发现珍品的。
6. A truly dedicated bargain hunter must have patience, and above all, the ability to recognize the worth of something when he sees it.
·句子类型：陈述句（含并列宾语和时间状语从句的复合句）
·核心结构：主语(A truly dedicated bargain hunter) + 谓语(must have) + 并列宾语(patience, and above all, the ability...) + 定语从句/状语从句修饰宾语
·语法要点：
1.情态动词must表示“必须”，强调主观上的必要性。
2.并列宾语：patience和the ability都是must have的宾语，and above all起强调作用，意为“最重要的是”。
3.不定式作后置定语：to recognize the worth of something修饰the ability，表示“识别物品价值的能力”。
4.when he sees it是时间状语从句，修饰recognize，意为“当他看到物品时”。
5.词汇：dedicated专注的、执着的；bargain hunter淘便宜货的人；recognize识别、认出。
·释义：一个真正执着于淘便宜货的人必须有耐心，最重要的是，要有一眼识别物品价值的能力。
7. To do this, he must be at least as knowledgeable as the dealer.
·句子类型：陈述句（含不定式作目的状语的简单句）
·核心结构：状语(To do this) + 主语(he) + 谓语(must be) + 表语(at least as knowledgeable as the dealer)
·语法要点：
1.不定式To do this作目的状语，指代上一句提到的recognize the worth of something。
2.比较级结构：as + 形容词/副词原级 + as表示“和…… 一样……”，at least意为“至少”。
3.knowledgeable意为“知识渊博的、懂行的”。
·释义：要做到这一点，他至少要像古董商一样懂行。
8. Like a scientist bent on making a discovery, he must cherish the hope that one day he will be amply rewarded.
·句子类型：陈述句（含方式状语和同位语从句的复合句）
·核心结构：方式状语(Like a scientist bent on making a discovery) + 主语(he) + 谓语(must cherish) + 宾语(the hope) + 同位语从句(that one day he will be amply rewarded)
·语法要点：
1.Like a scientist...是介词短语作方式状语，bent on making a discovery是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰scientist，意为“一心想有所发现的科学家”。be bent on doing sth. = 一心致力于做某事。
2.cherish the hope that...是固定句型，that引导同位语从句，具体说明hope的内容。
3.被动语态：will be amply rewarded = 将会得到丰厚的回报。amply意为“充分地、丰厚地”。
·释义：就像一个一心想有所发现的科学家，他必须心怀希望，终有一天会得到丰厚的回报。
9. My old friend, Frank Halliday, is just such a person.
·句子类型：陈述句（简单句，含同位语）
·核心结构：主语(My old friend, Frank Halliday) + 谓语(is) + 表语(just such a person)
·语法要点：
1.Frank Halliday是My old friend的同位语，用来补充说明主语的身份。
2.such a person指代上文中提到的a truly dedicated bargain hunter。
·释义：我的老朋友弗兰克・哈利迪就是这样一个人。
10. He has often described to me how he picked up a masterpiece for a mere £50.
·句子类型：陈述句（含宾语从句的复合句）
·核心结构：主语(He) + 谓语(has often described to me) + 宾语从句(how he picked up a masterpiece for a mere £50)
·语法要点：
1.现在完成时has described表示从过去到现在反复发生的动作，常与often连用。
2.动词describe后接双宾语，结构为describe sth. to sb.，这里how引导的宾语从句作直接宾语。
3.固定搭配：pick up此处意为“（偶然）买到、淘到”；for a mere £50 = 仅花了 50 英镑。
·释义：他常常向我讲述他如何只用 50 英镑就淘到了一件杰作。
11. One Saturday morning, Frank visited an antique shop in my neighbourhood.
·句子类型：陈述句（简单句）
·核心结构：时间状语(One Saturday morning) + 主语(Frank) + 谓语(visited) + 宾语(an antique shop) + 地点状语(in my neighbourhood)
·语法要点：
1.一般过去时visited表示过去发生的动作。
2.in my neighbourhood是介词短语作地点状语，意为“在我家附近”。
·释义：一个星期六的上午，弗兰克去了我家附近的一家古玩店。
12. As he had never been there before, he found a great deal to interest him.
·句子类型：陈述句（含原因状语从句的复合句）
·核心结构：原因状语从句(As he had never been there before) + 主句(he found a great deal to interest him)
·语法要点：
1.As引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”，语气比 because弱，通常放在句首。
2.过去完成时had never been表示在主句动作found之前从未发生过的动作，即“过去的过去”。
3.不定式作后置定语：to interest him修饰a great deal，意为“让他感兴趣的东西”。
4.a great deal此处指代“许多东西”。
·释义：因为他以前从未去过那里，所以发现了很多让他感兴趣的东西。
13. The morning passed rapidly and Frank was about to leave when he noticed a large packing case lying on the floor.
·句子类型：并列句（含时间状语从句）
·核心结构：分句1(The morning passed rapidly) + 并列连词(and) + 分句2(Frank was about to leave when he noticed a large packing case lying on the floor)
·语法要点：
1.and连接两个并列分句。
2.固定句型：be about to do sth. when...表示“正要做某事，这时突然……”，when在此处是并列连词，意为“这时”。
3.现在分词作宾语补足语：lying on the floor修饰a large packing case，表示“躺在地上的大包装箱”，与宾语构成主动关系。
·释义：一上午很快过去了，弗兰克正要离开，这时他注意到地板上放着一只大包装箱。
14. The dealer told him that it had just come in, but that he could not be bothered to open it.
·句子类型：陈述句（含并列宾语从句的复合句）
·核心结构：主语(The dealer) + 谓语(told) + 间接宾语(him) + 并列直接宾语从句(that it had just come in, but that he could not be bothered to open it)
·语法要点：
1.动词tell后接双宾语，结构为tell sb. that...，此处两个that引导的宾语从句并列，由but连接。
2.过去完成时had just come in表示在told之前刚发生的动作，意为“刚到货”。
3.固定搭配：could not be bothered to do sth. = 懒得做某事、不想费事做某事。
·释义：古董商告诉他那只箱子刚到货，但他懒得打开。
15. Frank begged him to do so and the dealer reluctantly prised it open.
·句子类型：并列句
·核心结构：分句1(Frank begged him to do so) + 并列连词(and) + 分句2(the dealer reluctantly prised it open)
·语法要点：
1.固定搭配：beg sb. to do sth. = 恳求某人做某事；do so指代上文中的open it。
2.prise sth. open意为“撬开某物”，prise也可写作pry。
3.reluctantly意为“不情愿地、勉强地”。
·释义：弗兰克央求他打开看看，古董商才不情愿地撬开了箱子。
16. The contents were disappointing.
·句子类型：陈述句（简单句）
·核心结构：主语(The contents) + 谓语(were) + 表语(disappointing)
·语法要点：
1.contents此处为复数名词，意为“（容器内的）内容物、所含之物”。
2.-ing形容词disappointing意为“令人失望的”，修饰事物；注意与 disappointed（感到失望的，修饰人）区分。
·释义：箱子里的东西令人失望。
17. Apart from an interesting-looking carved dagger, the box was full of crockery, much of it broken.
·句子类型：陈述句（含独立主格结构的简单句）
·核心结构：状语(Apart from an interesting-looking carved dagger) + 主句(the box was full of crockery) + 独立主格结构(much of it broken)
·语法要点：
1.固定搭配：apart from = 除了…… 之外；be full of = 充满……。
2.interesting-looking是合成形容词，意为“样子有趣的”；carved dagger = 雕花匕首。
3.独立主格结构：much of it broken，其中it指代crockery，broken是过去分词，表示被动和完成，补充说明陶器的状态，意为“大部分都碎了”。
·释义：除了一把样子有趣的雕花匕首外，箱子里全是陶器，而且大部分都碎了。
18. Frank gently lifted the crockery out of the box and suddenly noticed a miniature painting at the bottom of the packing case.
·句子类型：并列句
·核心结构：分句1(Frank gently lifted the crockery out of the box) + 并列连词(and) + 分句2(suddenly noticed a miniature painting at the bottom of the packing case)
·语法要点：
1.两个谓语动词lifted和noticed由and连接，表示先后发生的动作。
2.固定搭配：lift sth. out of... = 把某物从…… 中拿出来；at the bottom of... = 在…… 的底部。
3.miniature painting = 微型画、小幅画。
·释义：弗兰克轻轻地把陶器从箱子里拿出来，突然注意到箱底有一幅微型画。
19. As its composition and line reminded him of an Italian painting he knew well, he decided to buy it.
·句子类型：陈述句（含原因状语从句和定语从句的复合句）
·核心结构：原因状语从句(As its composition and line reminded him of an Italian painting he knew well) + 主句(he decided to buy it)
·语法要点：
1.As引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。
2.固定搭配：remind sb. of sth. = 使某人想起某物。
3.定语从句he knew well修饰先行词an Italian painting，关系代词that/which在从句中作宾语，可省略。
4.decide to do sth. = 决定做某事。
5.composition此处意为“（绘画的）构图”；line意为“线条”。
·释义：这幅画的构图和线条使他想起了一幅他很熟悉的意大利画，于是他决定把它买下来。
20. Glancing at it briefly, the dealer told him that it was worth £50.
·句子类型：陈述句（含现在分词作状语和宾语从句的复合句）
·核心结构：现在分词作状语(Glancing at it briefly) + 主句(the dealer told him that it was worth £50)
·语法要点：
1.现在分词短语Glancing at it briefly作伴随状语，其逻辑主语是主句的主语the dealer，二者为主动关系。
2.固定搭配：glance at = 匆匆看一眼；be worth + 金钱 = 值…… 钱。
3.that引导宾语从句，作told的直接宾语。
·释义：古董商匆匆看了一眼，告诉他这幅画值 50 英镑。
21. Frank could hardly conceal his excitement, for he knew that he had made a real discovery.
·句子类型：并列句（含原因状语从句和宾语从句）
·核心结构：分句1(Frank could hardly conceal his excitement) + 并列连词(for) + 分句2(he knew that he had made a real discovery)
·语法要点：
1.for是并列连词，引导表示原因的分句，语气比because弱，通常放在句中。
2.固定搭配：could hardly do sth. = 几乎不能做某事；conceal one's excitement = 掩饰某人的兴奋；make a discovery = 有发现。
3.that引导宾语从句，作knew的宾语，从句中用过去完成时had made表示在knew之前发生的动作。
·释义：弗兰克几乎无法掩饰自己的兴奋，因为他知道自己有了一个真正的发现。
22. The tiny painting proved to be an unknown masterpiece by Correggio and was worth hundreds of thousands of pounds.
·句子类型：陈述句（并列谓语的简单句）
·核心结构：主语(The tiny painting) + 并列谓语(proved to be an unknown masterpiece by Correggio and was worth hundreds of thousands of pounds)
·语法要点：
1.固定搭配：prove to be... = 被证明是……；hundreds of thousands of = 数十万的。
2.by Correggio是介词短语作后置定语，修饰masterpiece，意为“柯勒乔所作的”（Correggio 是意大利文艺复兴时期的画家）。
3.worth后接金钱，表示“价值……”。
·释义：那幅小画后来被证实是柯勒乔的一幅不为人知的杰作，价值数十万英镑。
词汇分析
一、核心词汇
1.antique /ænˈtiːk/n. 古董；古玩 adj. 古老的
2.peculiar /pɪˈkjuːliə/adj. 奇特的；罕见的；怪异的
3.fascination /ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn/n. 魅力；吸引力；着迷
4.display /dɪˈspleɪ/v.&n. 陈列；展示；显露
5.forbidding /fəˈbɪdɪŋ/adj. 令人望而生畏的；冷峻的
6.pretentious /prɪˈtenʃəs/adj. 浮夸的；故作高雅的
7.labyrinth /ˈlæbərɪnθ/n. 迷宫；错综复杂之处
8.musty /ˈmʌsti/adj. 发霉的；有霉味的
9.rarity /ˈreərəti/n. 珍品；稀有之物；罕见
10.assorted /əˈsɔːtɪd/adj. 各式各样的；混杂的
11.dedicated /ˈdedɪkeɪtɪd/adj. 专注的；热衷的；敬业的
12.knowledgeable /ˈnɒlɪdʒəbl/adj. 学识渊博的；内行的
13.dealer /ˈdiːlə/n. 商人；经销商；古董商贩
14.cherish /ˈtʃerɪʃ/v. 心怀；珍视；珍爱
15.amply /ˈæmpli/adv. 充足地；丰厚地
16.masterpiece /ˈmɑːstəpiːs/n. 杰作；名作
17.reluctantly /rɪˈlʌktəntli/adv. 不情愿地；勉强地
18.crockery /ˈkrɒkəri/n. 陶器；瓦器
19.miniature /ˈmɪnətʃə/adj. 微型的 n. 小幅画作；缩影
20.conceal /kənˈsiːl/v. 隐藏；掩饰；隐瞒
二、高级固定搭配
1.exert a fascination on sb
释义：对某人产生吸引力
例句：Old castles exert great fascination on tourists.
2.keep sth free from dust
释义：防尘；使某物不受灰尘沾染
3.muster up courage
释义：鼓起勇气
4.by chance
释义：偶然；意外地
5.above all
释义：最重要的是；尤其
6.be bent on doing sth
释义：一心执着于做某事
7.cherish the hope that…
释义：心怀…… 的希望
8.pick up a masterpiece
释义：淘到一件珍品
9.be about to do…when…
释义：正要做某事，这时突然……
10.cannot be bothered to do sth
释义：懒得费心做某事
11.prise sth open
释义：撬开某物
12.remind sb of sth
释义：使某人想起某物
13.conceal one’s excitement
释义：掩饰内心激动
14.prove to be
释义：事实证明是；原来是
三、拓展高频搭配
1. 与 fascination 相关
·hold fascination for sb 对某人极具诱惑力
·have a fascination with 痴迷于……
2. 与 display 相关
·display one’s emotion 流露情绪
·on display 展出中
3. 与 courage 相关
·muster up strength 鼓足力气
·muster up confidence 树立信心
4. 与 chance 相关
·stand a chance 有希望；有机会
·take a chance 冒险碰运气
5. 与 cherish 相关
·cherish memories 珍藏回忆
·cherish friendship 珍视友谊
6. 与 conceal 相关
·conceal facts 隐瞒事实
·conceal feelings 掩藏情绪
7. 数量高级搭配
·a great many + 可数复数 许许多多
·hundreds of thousands of 数十万的
8. 人物特质搭配
·dedicated fan 忠实爱好者
·dedicated worker 敬业员工
9. 地点方位搭配
·at the bottom of 在…… 底部
·in one’s neighbourhood 在某人居所附近
句型
1. 描述 “某物对…… 有独特的吸引力”
课文原句：Antique shops exert a peculiar fascination on a great many people.
套用句式：... exert a peculiar fascination on ...
仿写示例：Ancient poetry exerts a peculiar fascination on young people who love literature.
翻译：古诗词对热爱文学的年轻人有着独特的吸引力。
2. 描述 “人们始终怀着…… 的希望”
课文原句：There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that litter the floors.
套用句式：There is always hope that + 完整从句
仿写示例：There is always hope that hard work will eventually bring satisfying results.
翻译：人们始终相信，努力终将带来令人满意的结果。
3. 描述 “人必须具备…，最重要的是…”
课文原句：A truly dedicated bargain hunter must have patience, and above all, the ability to recognize the worth of something when he sees it.
套用句式：... must have ..., and above all, the ability to ...
仿写示例：A good language learner must have persistence, and above all, the ability to use the language in real situations.
翻译：一个优秀的语言学习者必须有毅力，最重要的是，要有在真实场景中使用语言的能力。
4. 描述 “正要做某事，这时突然发生…”
课文原句：The morning passed rapidly and Frank was about to leave when he noticed a large packing case lying on the floor.
套用句式：... be about to ... when ...
仿写示例：I was about to give up when I suddenly found a key solution to the problem.
翻译：我正要放弃，这时突然找到了问题的关键解决方案。
5. 描述 “事实证明某物是……”
课文原句：The tiny painting proved to be an unknown masterpiece by Correggio and was worth hundreds of thousands of pounds.
套用句式：... prove to be ...
仿写示例：The simple daily practice proved to be an effective way to improve oral English.
翻译：简单的日常练习被证明是提升英语口语的有效方法。
